A piston-cylinder assembly contains 0.5 kmoles of CO2 gas (CO2, M= 44). The CO2, initially at P1 = 2.5 MPa and T1 = 750 K, undergoes a process until it is at P2 = 0.03 MPa and T2 = 420 K. Assume that carbon dioxide is an ideal gas and its specific heats are not constant. Changes inpotential and kinetic energies are negligible. Given that the change in entropy of the system is 4.9562 kJ/K, and W = +6370 kJ from state 1 to state 2. i) Calculate deltaQ ii) Calculate the entropy generated for this process at an average T of 720 K

Consider an ideal gas which is being throttled to a pressure of 1 bar at a rate of 100 mol/s The initial pressure of the system is 25 bar. Given the temperature of the surrounding as 300 K. Calculate the following quantities (a) Rate of entropy generation Lost work

11-14. The mixture in Problem 11-1 is contained in a rigid vessel and is heated to a temperature of 120°C by transferring heat from a thermal-energy reservoir having a temperature of 300°C. The volume of the vessel is 0.4 m³, and the environment is at 25°C and 100 kPa. Determine the amount of heat transfer required.

Case Study: Two AES exchangers in series have difficulty heating a process stream from 50°C to 90°C and cooling a hot stream from 110°C to 70°C at the same flow rate. Fortunately, an abandoned AES exchanger with four times the surface area of the two current exchangers is available, and it also has the correct material and sufficiently high design P&T, and it would fit on the plot space occupied by the present exchangers. Is replacement a good idea? Note: Please include a clear and brief description of the problem as well as the desired objectives. Outline the design constraints as well as the cost implications.

One mole of an ideal gas (=3.5R) at 127C and 5 bar throttles through a valve where its pressure decreases to 1 bar. Determine: P3.1 The exit temperature, if the valve is fully insulated. P3.2, if the valve is fully insulated. P3.3 The exit temperature, if there is 1 kJ heat loss in the throttling Process P3.4, if there is 1 kJ heat loss in the throttling Process..