A persister cell is an individual bacterial cell that can survive: A. In an autoclave B. An antibiotic treatment C. The hot pools of Yellowstone National Park
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A persister cell is an individual bacterial cell that can survive:
A. In an autoclave
B. An antibiotic treatment
C. The hot pools of Yellowstone National Park
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- Which of the following molecules have been used as a biomarker in studies in microbial ecology? a Sterols b All molecules have been used as a biomarker. c D-alanine d TertahymanolBacterial growth depends on many environmental factors, including the temperature of the environment. Since microbes can survive in a certain range of temperatures and will thrive at a temperature, understanding these variables allows for control of their growth. This understanding can be used, for example, to preserve certain foods or to treat infections. This lab simulation will use an instrument called a spectrophotometer. This instrument quantitatively measures the amount of light that is absorbed or transmitted by molecules in solution. Microbial populations grow at different rates based on temperature. One way to measure growth is by turbidity measurements. When bacteria multiply in a broth culture they turn the clear solution cloudy, or turbid. a) in your own words explain the proper steps to Inoculate 5°C sterile broth tube using aseptic techniqueWhich ONE of the following best describes the abbreviation ‘MIC’? Select one: A. The lowest concentration at which no microbial growth is detected B. The lowest concentration that indicates whether an antibiotic would be effective or not C. The lowest concentration which is not toxic to the host D. The lowest concentration which is least effective against the organism E. The lowest concentration which kills the organism
- Bacteria have three major methods of resisting antibiotics. They may lack (or modify) the feature that the antibiotic targets, so that the drug has little or no effect. The may have an enzyme that helps them break down and inactivate the antibiotic. They may have efflux pumps that remove the drug from the cell. Which method of resistance are Gram-negatives particularly famous for? Group of answer choices target modification enzymatic breakdown horizontal transfer efflux pumpsThis diagram shows the filter paper method used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of chemical agents, heavy metals, and antibiotics on bacterial growth. A culture of a test bacterium is spread uniformly over the surface of an agar plate. Small filter paper discs containing the material to be tested are then placed on the surface of the medium. A disc that has been soaked in sterile distilled water is sometimes added as a control. After incubation, a lawn (film of growth) will cover the plate, but a clear zone will surround those discs that contain an inhibitory compound. The size of the zone reflects several factors, one of which is the effectiveness of the inhibitory agent. What are two other factors that might affect the size of the zone of inhibition? What is the purpose of the control disc? If a clear area were apparent around the control disc, how would you interpret the observation?Bacteria having fimbriae has the advantage over one that lacks fimbriae because: a. It can be stained easily bIt can obtain nutrients from beef broth It can move actively d. It can resist the antibiotics e It can attach to specific surfaces
- Bacteria that can survive in extreme environments are called: a-Anaerobes b-Saprophytes c-Aerobes d-ArchaebacteriaResearchers are designing several experiments to test the ability of Salmonella bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance. A culture of Salmonella bacteria is exposed to the same concentrations (200 mg/L) of an antibiotic for four days. The table shows the number of isolated resistant bacteria over a four-day period. Which of the following statements best explains these results? Day Number of Resistant Bacteria in the Culture 1 5 2 59 3 677 4 32,456 The bacteria were not affected by the antibiotic. After being exposed to the antibiotic, the bacteria altered the antibiotic. A new species of bacteria emerged after the antibiotics were introduced. Random mutations led some bacteria to be resistant and, over time, they increased in the population.Finding out how a bacterial cell duplicate itself is considered: a. A Discovery b. An invention c. An innovation d. A technology e. A patent
- was used by Joseph Lister to clean wounds and surgical instruments: A.Antibiotics b.Chlorine water Carbonic acid dAntitoxins e. Carbolic acid Which one of the following does not apply to the bacterial glycocalyx? It is not responsible for virulency b .It allows the organism to resist drying C. It may allow an organism to resist phagocytosis d.It is composed of carbohydrates E. It is enclosed by the cell walldo a bit of research to find a microbe that also has odd growth requirements (i.e. it can break down odd substances in order to meet its nutritional needs). Tell us what the microbe uses, how it accesses these nutrients (special enzymes, does it get help from other organisms, etc), as well as the potential utility of microbe to aid in Earth or human health.The graph shows the number of microbial cells (log scale) against time in a liquid culture. In which stage(s) are the cells growing and dividing? A, B, and C B and C A B