"A patient with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis has a low hemoglobin level and fatigue. Discuss the possible causes and nursing interventions."

Urinary system lab assignment and related case study Leo, 37-years old was absolutely shocked when he found out that he has a hypertension. He was once an athlete and a quarterback in his high school and college teams; very well-known and loved one until he broke his femur bone in a car accident and then everything just changed. He became careless about himself and his health. He left himself go, eating too much junk food, drinking too much alcohol and smoking cigarettes. Leos physician had to prescribe two different antihypertensive medications in order to get his blood pressure under control. He told him to exercise regularly, go on a low-salt diet and try to stop or at least moderate alcohol and stop smoking. Leo was scared because he had a history of hypertension in the family where his dad ended up being on a dialysis before dying from complications of kidney failure. Leo took his doctors advice seriously and began a dramatic lifestyle change to get back to what he used to be. His…

Provide and briefly describe three causes of acute renal failure. Include whether the cause is pre-renal, post-renal or intra-renal failure.

Urinary system lab assignment and related case study Leo, 37-years old was absolutely shocked when he found out that he has a hypertension. He was once an athlete and a quarterback in his high school and college teams; very well-known and loved one until he broke his femur bone in a car accident and then everything just changed. He became careless about himself and his health. He left himself go, eating too much junk food, drinking too much alcohol and smoking cigarettes. Leos physician had to prescribe two different antihypertensive medications in order to get his blood pressure under control. He told him to exercise regularly, go on a low-salt diet and try to stop or at least moderate alcohol and stop smoking. Leo was scared because he had a history of hypertension in the family where his dad ended up being on a dialysis before dying from complications of kidney failure. Leo took his doctors advice seriously and began a dramatic lifestyle change to get back to what he used to be. His…

Relate the pathology of hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Please explain the different types of dialysis and how they are used in? Thanks

J.H. is a 12-year-old boy diagnosed several months ago with nephrotic syndrome following postinfectious glomerulonephritis secondary to an episode of pneumococcal pneumonia. He has been coming to the clinic to have his condition monitored and therapies adjusted as needed. At his latest clinic visit, a decrease in urine output, increasing lethargy, hyperventilation, and generalized edema are noted. Trace amounts of protein are detected in J.H.’s urine by dipstick. Blood is drawn for laboratory analysis, and the results are as follows:pH = 7.36 PaCO2 = 33 mm Hg PaO2 = 100 mm Hg HCO3 – = 18 mEq/L Hct = 30% Na+ = 130 mEq/L K+ = 5.4 mEq/L BUN = 58 mg/dl creatinine = 3.9 mg/dl albumin = 2.0 g/dl   How would a pneumococcal infection lead to glomerulonephritis? How can glomerulonephritis result in nephrotic syndrome? (Explain the pathophysiology of how pneumococcal infection leads to glomerulonephritis. Explain the pathophysiology of how glomerulonephritis results in nephrotic syndrome.)…

Briefly describe the reasons that renal diseases result in anaemia.

Urinary system lab assignment and related case study Leo, 37-years old was absolutely shocked when he found out that he has a hypertension. He was once an athlete and a quarterback in his high school and college teams; very well-known and loved one until he broke his femur bone in a car accident and then everything just changed. He became careless about himself and his health. He left himself go, eating too much junk food, drinking too much alcohol and smoking cigarettes. Leos physician had to prescribe two different antihypertensive medications in order to get his blood pressure under control. He told him to exercise regularly, go on a low-salt diet and try to stop or at least moderate alcohol and stop smoking. Leo was scared because he had a history of hypertension in the family where his dad ended up being on a dialysis before dying from complications of kidney failure. Leo took his doctors advice seriously and began a dramatic lifestyle change to get back to what he used to be. His…

What is kidney disease? Explain the causes and describe the signs and symptoms of chronic kidney disease. Outline the management of chronic kidney disease. ANSWER SHOULD INCLUDE: Explanation of CKD  Causes Signs and symptoms  Management