(a) If the ball has an initial angular displacement of 15° from the vertical, what is its gravitational potential energy compared with its gravitational potential energy when hanging straight down? (b) If the ball is released from this position, calculate its speed at the bottom of the arc.

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Central Force

Central force is the force that acts along the center of mass of one body to the center of mass of another body. Its direction from or away from a point on a body to another is called the center of the force. Such forces include gravitational force between two massive objects or electrostatic forces between two charged particles. So from atoms to planets, the central forces play an important role in shaping our daily lives. One of the remarkable features of central forces is that they are conservative, i.e. the total energy of a central force system can always be expressed as a gradient of a potential energy function.