A horizontal steam pipe (60 mm. OD) carries high pressure steam at 230℃ . Wind flows past this pipe at 1 m/s velocity. The ambient temperature is 32℃. Which mode(s) of convection should we consider here? Calculate the total rate of heat loss per m. length of the pipe.

Problem 4. In order not to damage the resistance in the kettles, the difference between the temperature of the heater and the fluid should not exceed 25 °C. If the heat transfer area between the fluid and the heater is 78.5 cm² and the heat transfer coefficient is 400 W/m².K, find the maximum allowable power of the heater in order to boil water?

Q: water at 200² flows over 90.3m square Plate at velocity of 6 m/s at constant Plate is maintained Temperature at 556° calclate the heat by the plate. heat Transfer

According to nature of flow, convective heat transfer is classified into natural convection and forced convection. By taking specific examples, explain how the natural convection and forced convection arises in them.