A feed solution of 10,000 lb at 130 °F containing 47.0 lb FeSO4 per 100 lb total water is cooled to 80 °F, where FeSO4·7H2O crystals are removed. The solubility of the salt is 30.5 lb FeSO4 per 100 lb total water. The average heat capacity of the feed solution is 0.70 Btu/lb-°F. The heat of solution at 18 °C is -4.4 kcal/gmol FeSO4·7H2O. Calculate the yield of crystals and the total heat to be removed from the system.

Fruit juices at 25 ° C containing 5% total solids were concentrated via a single effect evaporator. The evaporator is operated in a vacuum at an evaporation temperature of 80 ° C, and 85% quality steam is supplied at 169.06 kPa. The desired concentration of the final product is 40% total solids. The rate of concentrated product leaving the evaporator is 2000 kg / hour. The specific heat of fruit juice is 4.05 kJ / (kg ° C), and the concentrated product is 3,175 kJ / (kg ° C). Count a. The required steam rate is = Answer kg / hour. b. Steam economy when the condensate temperature is released at 90 ° C. = Answer (kg of water evaporated / kg of steam)

Fruit juices at 25 ° C containing 5% total solids were concentrated via a single effect evaporator. The evaporator is operated in a vacuum at an evaporation temperature of 80 ° C, and 85% quality steam is supplied at 169.06 kPa. The desired concentration of the final product is 40% total solids. The rate of concentrated product leaving the evaporator is 2000 kg / hour. The specific heat of fruit juice is 4.05 kJ / (kg ° C), and the concentrated product is 3,175 kJ / (kg ° C). Count a. The required steam rate is = kg / hour. b. Steam economy when the condensate temperature is released at 90 ° C. = (kg of water evaporates / kg of steam)

Fruit juices at 20 ° C containing 5% total solids were concentrated via a single effect evaporator. The evaporator is operated in a vacuum at an evaporation temperature of 80 ° C, and 85% quality steam is supplied at 169.06 kPa. The desired concentration of the final product is 40% total solids. The rate of concentrated product leaving the evaporator is 3000 kg / hour. The specific heat of fruit juice is 4.05 kJ / (kg ° C), and the concentrated product is 3,175 kJ / (kg ° C). Count a. The required steam rate is = Answerkg / hour. b. Steam economy when the condensate temperature is released at 90 ° C. = Answer (kg of water evaporates / kg of steam)

Isopropanol, with 13 wt% water, can be dehydrated to obtain almost pure isopropanol at a 90% recovery by azeotropic distillation with benzene. When condensed, the overhead vapor from the col- umn forms two immiscible liquid phases. Use Table 2.4 with data in Perry's Handbook and the data below to compute the heat-transfer rate in Btu/h and kJ/h for the condenser. Water-Rich Organic-Rich Overhead Phase Phase Phase Vapor Liquid Liquid Temperature, °C 76 40 40 Pressure, bar 1.4 1.4 1.4 Flow rate, kg/h: Isopropanol 6,800 5,870 930 Water 2,350 1,790 560 Benzene 24,600 30 24,570

A backward feeding, double-effect evaporator is used for concentrating an aqueous solution from 5.00% to 35.0% soluble solids. The system consists of two identical evaporation units, each with a heat exchange surface of area of 90 m2. The first effect receives saturated steam at 115°C. The vapor in the second effect leaves at the saturation temperature of 40°C and a flowrate of 3.44 kg/s. The feed solution is introduced into the second effect at its boiling point. An overall heat transfer coefficient of 2400 W m-2 K-1 is assumed for both effects. The condensate in both effects leaves the evaporator as saturated liquid at the steam inlet pressure. Assume an insignificant boiling point elevation and an equal rate of vapor generation in both effects. Determine: a. flowrate (in kg/s) of dilute aqueous solution entering the second evaporator; b. flowrate (in kg/s) of concentrated aqueous solution leaving the first evaporator; c. evaporator temperature (TE1 and TE2) of each evaporator; d.…

METAL Suppose you heat a metal object with a mass of 32.9 g to 96.6 °C and transfer it to a calorimeter containing 100.0 g of water at 17.2 °C. The water and metal reach a final temperature of 22.4 °C. What is the specific heat of the metal in J/g-°C?