A farmer bought a herd of 500 sheep, taken from a freely breeding population, and later found that 25 of the animals had an economically undesirable feature, crinkly-hair, caused by the recessive allele (c). Assume Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.  The owner then separates all those animals showing crinkly-hair and sends them for slaughter. He allows the remaining animals to breed freely. What proportion of the next generation of lambs would be expected to show crinkly hair?

Another condition that can occur in squirrel populations is the albino condition. In this condition, squirrels lack all pigmentation resulting in completely white fur and pink eyes. As with leucistic squirrels, albino squirrels are more conspicuous to predators. In addition, the lack of pigment in their eyes results in poor eyesight. These two conditions result in albino squirrels dying off before they reach maturity.   If the lab simulation were to be repeated, but instead of leucism, the recessive condition in the population was albinism, what would you expect to see happen to the allele frequencies for normal pigmentation (G) and albinism (g) over the 10 generations? Remember that no albino (gg) individuals would survive to reproduce in each generation. Would you expect to find g alleles in the population by the 10th generation? Why or why not?

You are studying two genetic loci that are on the same chromosome. One of the loci is a gene that produces darker feathers in dark environments in birds. The second locus is a gene associated with metabolism. In your research you find that the second locus is not under selection, but the first locus is undergoing positive selection. The positive selection at the first locus is increasing a specific allele at the second locus. This discovery of yours is best described as which of the following?   a. Recombinaton   b. Linkage equilibrium   c. Genetic hitchhiking   d. Chromosome inversion

A very large population of rabbits has been allowed to breed randomly in a laboratory research program. The rabbits vary in their coat colour, which is either gray or black. After many generations, 25% of the rabbits display a recessive phenotype for gray coat colour (aa), the same percentage as at the beginning of the breeding program. The other 75% of the rabbits show the dominant black coat phenotype, with heterozygotes (Aa) indistinguishable from the homozygous dominants (AA) What is a reasonable conclusion explaining the fact that the frequency of the recessive trait (aa) has not changed over time? a. There has been sexual selection favouring allele a b. The two phenotypes have about equal fitness under laboratory conditions C. The population is undergoing genetic drift d. The genotype AA is lethal

Among a large population of 2 million gray mosquitoes, one mosquito is heterozygous for a body color gene; this mosquito has one gray allele and one blue allele. There is no selective advantage or disadvantage between gray and blue body color. All of the other mosquitoes carry two copies of the gray allele. A. What is the probability of fixation of the blue allele? B. If fixation happens to occur, how many generations is it likely to take? C. Qualitatively, how would the answers to parts A and B be affected if the blue allele conferred a slight survival advantage?

Evolution is driven by both nonrandom and random mechanisms. Identify the mechanisms of evolution that are random and comment on how they affect allele frequencies across generations.

Parent Generation BB BB Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb Bb bb bb Rabbits with the brown coat color allele (B) are dominant over rabbits with the white coat color allele (b). A small population of rabbits (Parent Generation) has 2 individuals homozygous for B, 6 individuals that are heterozygous, and 2 individuals homozygous for b. What would you predict the frequencies of alleles B and b to be in the next (first) generation if this population is not evolving Edit View Insert Format Tools Table

Grouse in Russia show a recessive mutation “short-tail” that causes problems in the control of direction when flying. In 2002 a survey  of a large, freely interbreeding, population of 1,856 grouse revealed 142 with short tail feathers. What proportion of the grouse population would you expect to be heterozygous at the short-tail locus ?

Albinism is due to a recessive allele of an autosomal gene. Let a represent the albino allele and A represent the normal non-albino allele. If one out of every 10,000 people were albino and assuming that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, A. what would be the phenotype frequencies of albino and non-albino ? B. what would be the allele frequencies of a and of A? C. what fraction of people can be expected to be of the genotype Aa? D. what fraction of people can be expected to be of the genotype AA?

Budgies (Melanopsittacus undulatus) are attractive birds that come in many colors. Budgies may produce either or both of two types of pigment in their feathers: a blue pigment and a yellow pigment. Whether or not each pigment is produced is governed by one gene with two alleles. Blue pigment (B) is dominant to no blue pigment (b), and yellow pigment (Y) is dominant to no yellow pigment (y). A budgie that produces neither blue nor yellow pigment in its feathers looks white. A budgie that produces both blue and yellow pigment in its feathers looks green. A. What is/are the possible genotype(s) of a yellow budgie? B. What is the phenotype of a budgie with the genotype BbYy? C. Suppose you cross a homozygous blue budgie with a homozygous white budgie. Predict the results of this cross, both genotype and phenotype. D. Now suppose you cross one of the offspring from the mating in part C with a budgie whose genotype is BbYy. Predict the results of your cross. What are the expected genotypes…