A commercial sulphuric acid is 96% by mass of H2SO4 and 4% by mass of H2O You are asked to prepare a solution of 0.1 M (or 0.1gmol/L) of H2SO4 from thi= concentrated H2SO4. The specific gravity of the 96% H2SO4 is 1.858. (a) Calculate the weight of 96% H2SO4 needed per litre of solution. 3L (b) Calculate the volume of 96% H2SO4 used per litre of solution.

In the ‘gas saturation method’ for the measurement of vapour pressure, a volume V of gas at temperature T and pressure P, is bubbled slowly through the liquid that is maintained at the same temperature T. The mass m lost from the liquid is measured and this can be related to the vapour pressure in the following way. (a) If the molar mass of the liquid is M, derive an expression for the mole fraction of the liquid vapour. (Hint: If it is assumed to be a perfect gas, the amount in moles of the input gas can be found from its pressure, temperature and volume.) (b) Hence derive an expression for the partial pressure of the liquid vapour, assuming that the gas remains at the total pressure P after it has passed through the liquid. (c) Then show that the vapour pressure p is given by p = AmP/(1 + Am), where A = RT/MPV. (d) The gas saturation method was used to measure the vapour pressure of geraniol (M = 154.2 g mol−1) at 110 °C. It was found that, when 5.00 dm3 of nitrogen at 760 Torr was…

Calculate density in the following cases : (a) Air (ideal gas) at temperature 0°C and pressure 2 atm (b) Helium (ideal gas) that fills a 10-m³ volume at temperature 25°C, whose gauge pressure reads 1.5 atm (c) Granular iron of spherical grains of average diameter D = 1mm packed in a 1-grain/mm3 arrangement (density of iron p = 9g/cm³). Assume that the void in each mm3 is filled with air. Discuss why the result is expected. Make the same computation if the average diameter of the spherical grains are D = 0.25 mm packed in a 64-grain/mm3 . Discuss why the result for the density of both arrangements is the same.

Hydrogen gas is diffusing through an unglazed neoprene rubber with a wall thickness of 50 mm at 30°C and pressure of 1 atm. The solubility of hydrogen in the rubber has been estimated to be 0.053 cm3(at STP, Vmol=22.4 litres at STP) of H2 per cm3 of neoprene. The diffusivity of hydrogen through the rubber wall is 1.8x 10-6cm2 /s. Calculate the mass diffusion rate (g/m2 ⸳s) of hydrogen per square meter of the wall.