A closed system consisting of 10 lb of air undergoes a polytropic process from p₁ = 80 lbf/in², v₁ = 4 ft³/lb to a final state where p2 = 20 lbf/in², v₂ = 12 ft³/lb. Determine the polytropic exponent, n, and the amount of energy transfer by work, in Btu, for the process.

A sample of helium behaves as an ideal gas as it is heated at constant pressure from 273 K to 386 K. If 24.0 J of work is done by the gas during this process, what is the mass of helium present?

When 275 J of heat are slowly added to 45 mol of an ideal monatomic gas, its temperature rises by 15°C. What is the work done on the gas (in J)?  J

A gas expands from I to F in the figure below. The energy added to the gas by heat is 212 J when the gas goes from I to F along the diagonal path. Three paths are plotted on a PV diagram, which has a horizontal axis labeled V (liters), and a vertical axis labeled P (atm). The green path starts at point I (2,4), extends vertically down to point B (2,1), then extends horizontally to point F (4,1). The blue path starts at point I (2,4), and extends down and to the right to end at point F (4,1). The orange path starts at point I (2,4), extends horizontally to the right to point A (4,4), then extends vertically down to end at point F (4,1). (a) What is the change in internal energy of the gas? Use the relations between various features of the graph and the work done on the gas to find the energy added by work and then use your result to find the change in internal energy of the gas. J(b) How much energy must be added to the gas by heat for the indirect path IAF to give the same change in…

A sealed cylinder has a piston and contains 8.90×103 cm3 of an ideal gas at a pressure of 7.50 atm. Heat is slowly introduced, and the gas isothermally expands to 1.70×104 cm3. How much work ? does the gas do on the piston?

When gas expands in a cylinder with radius r, the pressure P at any given time is a function of the volume V: P = P(V). The force exerted by the gas on the piston (see the figure) is the product of the pressure and the area: F = πr²p. piston head V x The work done by the gas when the volume expands from volume V₁ to volume V2 is as follows. 1 W = dv In a steam engine the pressure and volume of steam satisfy the equation PV1.4 = k, where k is a constant. (This is true for adiabatic expansion, that is, expansion in which there is no heat transfer between the cylinder and its surroundings.) Calculate the work done by the engine during a cycle when the steam starts at a pressure of 180 lb/in² and a volume of 500 in³ and expands to a volume of 700 in³. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) W = X ft-lb

A sample of ideal gas in a thermally insulated container with a movable piston is initially in state A.  The gas is taken from state A to state B by an adiabatic process.  The dashed lines represent isotherms.  If W is the work done on the gas, Q is the energy transferred to the gas by heating, and  Delta U be the change in the internal energy of the gas during the process. a) is W greater than zero, zero, or less than zero? Explain briefly  b) is Q greater than zero, zero, or less than zero? Explain briefly. c) is  Delta U  greater than zero, zero, or less than zero? Explain briefly.

An ideal gas is taken through a quasi-static process described by P = aV2, with a = 2.60 atm/m6, as shown in the figure. The gas is expanded to twice its original volume of 1.00 m³. How much work is done on the expanding gas in this process? MJ P=av² 1.00 m³ 2.00 m³