A chemist fills a reaction vessel with 2.20 atm methane (CH4) gas, 4.05 atm oxygen (0₂) gas, 3.27 atm carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas, and 7.25 atm hydrogen (H₂) gas at a temperature of 25.0°C. Under these conditions, calculate the reaction free energy AG for the following chemical reaction: CH₂(g) + O₂(g) → CO₂ (g)+2H₂(g) Use the thermodynamic information in the ALEKS Data tab. Round your answer to the nearest kilojoule. เม kJ x

Adenosine triphosphate, ATP, is used as a free-energy source by biological cells. (See the essay on page 624.) ATP hydrolyzes in the presence of enzymes to give ADP: ATP(aq)+H2O(l)ADP(aq)+H2PO4(aq);G=30.5kJ/molat25C Consider a hypothetical biochemical reaction of molecule A to give molecule B: A(aq)B(aq);G=+15.0kJ/molat25C Calculate the ratio [B]/[A] at 25C at equilibrium. Now consider this reaction coupled to the reaction for the hydrolysis of ATP: A(aq)+ATP(aq)+H2O(l)B(aq)+ADP(aq)+H2PO4(aq) If a cell maintains a high ratio of ATP to ADP and H2PO4 by continuously making ATP, the conversion of A to B can be made highly spontaneous. A characteristic value of this ratio is [ATP][ADP][H2PO4]=500 Calculate the ratio [B][A] in this case and compare it with the uncoupled reaction. Compared with the uncoupled reaction, how much larger is this ratio when coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP?

In muscle cells under the condition of vigorous exercise, glucose is converted to lactic acid (lactate),CH3CHOHCOOH, by the chemical reaction C6H12O6 2 CH3CHOHCOOHrG = 197 kJ/mol (a) If all of the Gibbs free energy from this reaction wereused to convert ADP to ATP, calculate how many molesof ATP could be produced per mole of glucose. (b) The actual reaction involves the production of 3 molATP per mole of glucose. Calculate the rG for thisoverall reaction. (c) Is the overall reaction in part (b) reactant-favored orproduct-favored?

Explain how the entropy of the universe increases when an aluminum metal can is made from aluminum ore. Thefirst step is to extract the ore, which is primarily a formof A12O3, from the ground. After it is purified by freeingit from oxides of silicon and iron, aluminum oxide ischanged to the metal by an input of electrical energy. 2Al2O3(s)electricalenergy4Al(s)+3O2(g)