A Carnot cycle is executed using helium in a closed system between the temperature limits of 350 and 1200 K. The pressures before and after the isothermal compression are 150 and 300 kPa, respectively. If the net work output per cycle is 0.5 kJ, determine (a) the maximum pressure in the cycle, (b) the heat transfer to the helium

please show how to derive h using nusselt equation and solve for qheatloss

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10.33 Saturated steam at 0.2 bar condenses with a convec- tion coefficient of 6000 W/m²2 · K on the outside of a brass tube having inner and outer diameters of 16 and 19 mm, respectively. The convection coefficient for water flowing inside the tube is 5000 W/m². K. Esti- mate the steam condensation rate per unit length of the tube when the mean water temperature is 30°C.

Design a vapor compression cycle using ammonia as the refrigerant thatwill be used to maintain the temperature of a stream at -20°C. The condenser is air-cooled and the ambient temperature may be assumed to be 25°C. Assume a compressor efficiency of 80% and allow for 2°C of temperature difference between streams in the evaporator and condenser for practical heat transfer.

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is to be constructed for the purpose of heating air in the tubes from 60°F to 160°F. This will be accomplished by the condensation of steam at 220°F (see Fig. 1). lbm/hr, with a mass velocity of 7000 lbm/hr-ft². tubes are steel, with a 2 in. inside diameter, calculate (a) the required number of tubes, (b) the effective heat transfer area, and (c) the length of each pipe. (d) the pressure drop in the tube, assuming that the air enters at atmospheric pressure. The air flows at the rate of 50,000 If the Also, find steam T. = 220°F = 160 F T Cout = 60°F T Cin air T. hout = 220°F

Define C.O.P. of the simple vapor compression refrigeration cycle R-717. The evaporation temperature is -15 ° C and the condenser temperature is 30 ° C. COP =

Question 1.2 A helical coil cooler is used to cool 0.5 kg.s¹ of hot oil from 100°C down to 40°C. Cooling water with an inlet temperature of 10°C flows inside the coiled tube. The specific heat of the oil is 2 kJ.kg¹.K¹, the specific heat of the water is 4.2 kJ.kg¹.K¹, and the density of water is 1000 kg.m. a) Determine the lowest possible cooling water flow rate. (0.48 kg.s¹) b) Determine the inside diameter of the tube if a cooling water flow of 1.5 times the minimum is used, and the recommended flow velocity is 1 m.s. Select an appropriate tube from the following standard sizes: Outside diameter (mm) Wall thickness (mm) 30 1.5 35 2.0 40 2.0 45 2.5 50 3.0 c) For a heat transfer coefficient of U = 800 W.m2.K, determine the heat transfer surface area and the tube length of the heat exchanger. The oil inside the tank is mixed by a stirrer and the oil temperature at any location in the tank can be assumed to be equal to the oil outlet temperature. (Area = 4.12 m², length = 39.7 m)