A 2.5 kVA, 200V/40V single-phase transformer has the primary resistance and reactance of 3 and 12 0, respectively. On the secondary side, these values are 0.3 and 0.1 0, respectively. Draw & Find the parameters of equivalent impedance referred to the primary and the secondary and the circuit.
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- (a) An ideal single-phase two-winding transformer with turns ratio at=N1/N2 is connected with a series impedance Z2 across winding 2. If one wants to replace Z2, with a series impedance Z1 across winding 1 and keep the terminal behavior of the two circuits to be identical, find Z1 in terms of Z2. (b) Would the above result be true if instead of a series impedance there is a shunt impedance? (c) Can one refer a ladder network on the secondary (2) side to the primary (1) side simply by multiplying every impedance byat2 ?An ideal transformer has no real or reactive power loss. (a) True (b) FalseA single-phase, 50-kVA,2400/240-V,60-Hz distribution transformer has the following parameters: Resistance of the 2400-V winding: R1=0.75 Resistance of the 240-V winding: R2=0.0075 Leakage reactance of the 2400-V winding: X1=1.0 Leakage reactance of the 240-V winding: X2=0.01 Exciting admittance on the 240-V side =0.003j0.02S (a) Draw the equivalent circuit referred to the high-voltage side of the transformer. (b) Draw the equivalent circuit referred to the low-voltage side of the transformer. Show the numerical values of impedances on the equivalent circuits.
- Consider an ideal transformer with N1=3000andN2=1000 turns. Let winding 1 be connected to a source whose voltage is e1(t)=100(1| t |)volts for 1t1ande1(t)=0 for | t |1 second. A2- farad capacitor is connected across winding 2. Sketch e1(t),e2(t),i1(t),andi2(t) versus time t.The ratings of a three-phase three-winding transformer are Primary(1): Y connected 66kV,15MVA Secondary (2): Y connected, 13.2kV,10MVA Tertiary (3): A connected, 2.3kV,5MVA Neglecting winding resistances and exciting current, the per-unit leakage reactances are X12=0.08 on a 15-MVA,66-kV base X13=0.10 on a 15-MVA,66-kV base X23=0.09 on a 10-MVA,13.2-kV base (a) Determine the per-unit reactances X1,X2,X3 of the equivalent circuit on a 15-MVA,66-kV base at the primary terminals. (b) Purely resistive loads of 7.5 MW at 13.2 kV and 5 MW at 2.3kV are connected to the secondary and tertiary sides of the transformer, respectively. Draw the per- unit impedance diagram, showing the per-unit impedances on a 15-MVA,66-kV base at the primary terminals.A bank of three single-phase transformers, each rated 30MVA,38.1/3.81kV, are connected in Y- with a balanced load of three 1, Y-connected resistors. Choosing a base of 90MVA,66kV for the high-voltage side of the three-phase transformer. spify the base for the low-voltage side. Compute the per-unit resistance of the load on the base for the low-voltage side. Also, determine the load resistance in ohms referred to the high-voltage side and the per-unit value on the chosen base.
- A 23/230-kV step-up transformer feeds a three-phase transmission line, which in turn supplies a 150-MVA,0.8 lagging power factor load through a step-down 230/23-kV transformer. The impedance of the line and transformers at 230kVis18+j60. Determine the tap setting for each transformer to maintain the voltage at the load at 23 kV.The direct electrical connection of the windings allows transient over voltages to pass through the auto transfonner more easily, and that is an important disadvantage of the autotransformer. (a) True (b) FalseFor a short-circuit test on a 2-winding transformer, with one winding shorted, can you apply the rated voltage on the other winding? (a) Yes (b) No
- In per-unit equivalent circuits of practical three-phase transformers, under balanced thr-phase operation, in which of the following connect ions would a phase-shifting transformer come up? (a) Y-Y (b) Y- (c) -Three single-phase, two-winding transformers, each rated 450MVA,20kV/288.7kV, with leakage reactance Xeq=0.10perunit, are connected to form a three-phase bank. The high-voltage windings are connected in Y with a solidly grounded neutral. Draw the per-unit equivalent circuit if the low-voltage windings are connected (a) in with American standard phase shift or (b) in Y with an open neutral. Use the transformer ratings as base quantities. Winding resistances and exciting current are neglected.For an ideal 2-winding transformer, an impedance Z2 connected across winding 2 (secondary) is referred to winding 1 (primary) by multiplying Z2 by (a) The turns ratio (N1/N2) (b) The square of the turns ratio (N1/N2)2 (c) The cubed turns ratio (N1/N2)3