A 1.00 gram sample of octane (C8H18, 114 g/mol) is burned in a bomb calorimeter containing 1 liter of water at an initial temperature of 24.58°C.  After the reaction, the final temperature of the water is 33.34°C.  The heat capacity of the calorimeter is 841 J/°C.  The specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g°C.  The generated heat is absorbed by both, the water and the calorimeter.  Calculate the heat of combustion of octane in kJ/mol

A single effect evaporator was used to concentrate 8000 kg / hr of tomato juice from 5% total solids to 30% total solids. The juice enters the Evaporator at 20 ° C. The evaporator is operated on Steam (85% quality) at 143.27 kPa. The vacuum in the evaporator allows the juice to boil at 80 ° C. The specific heat of the dilute material is 4.1 kJ / (kg ° C) and the concentrate product is 3.1 kJ / (kg ° C). Count it (a) Steam demand rate = Answerkg / hour. b. Steam economy when condensate temperature is released at 75 ° C. = Answer(kg of water evaporated / kg of steam)

Tomato pulp (40% solids content) is heated by flowing it into a steam injection heater at a rate of 500 kg / hour. 85% quality steam under 180 kPa is supplied to the heater at a rate of 40 kg / hour. If it is assumed that the heat exchanger efficiency is 85% and the initial slurry specific heat is 3.2 kJ / (kg K), the slurry specific heat during the heating process corresponds to the function Cp = Cpw (water fraction) + Cps (solids fraction). a. Determine the temperature of the product leaving the heater when the initial temperature is 35 ° C. =....° C. b. Determine the total solids fraction of the product after heating. = ...%

A single effect evaporator was used to concentrate 8000 kg / hr of tomato juice from 5% total solids to 30% total solids. The juice enters the evaporator at 15 ° C. The evaporator is operated on Steam (85% quality) at 143.27 kPa. The vacuum in the evaporator allows the juice to boil at 75 ° C. The specific heat of the dilute material is 4.1 kJ / (kg ° C) and the concentrate product is 3.1 kJ / (kg ° C). Count it (a) Steam demand rate = kg / hour. b. Steam economy when condensate temperature is released at 75 ° C. = (kg of water evaporates / kg of steam)