89)You study a population of mussels recently introduced to a section of the Rideau River 8 years ago. You know that 13 mussels were originally let go in the river by a resident. These mussels have no predators. You know from your research that, under ideal conditions, the instantaneous rate of increase of this mussel species is 0.16. You also think the conditions on the river were ideal when the mussels were introduced. After surveying the food available in the river, you estimated that there is enough food to support a population of 11,200 mussels. How many mussels do expect to be in the river now?

One reason why human populations have been able to sidestep the factors that usually control population growth is that: a. the carrying capacity for humans has remained constant sincehumans first evolved. b. agriculture and industrialization have increased the carryingcapacity for our species. c. the population growth rate (r) for the human population hasalways been small. d. the age structure of human populations has no impact on itspopulation growth. e. plagues have killed off large numbers of humans at certaintimes in the past.

Figure 45.2 As this graph shows, population density typically decreases with increasing body size. Why do you think this is the case?

Species with limited resources usually exhibit a(n) ________ growth curve. a. logistic b. logical c. experimental d. exponential

A forest fire is an example of ________ regulation. a. density-dependent b. density-independent c. r-selected d. K-selected

Figure 47.16 Which of the following statements is not supported by this graph? There are more vulnerable fishes than critically endangered and endangered fishes combined. There are more critically endangered amphibians than vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered reptiles combined. Within each group, there are more critically endangered species than vulnerable species. A greater percentage of bird species are critically endangered than mollusk species.

INTERPRET DATA Examine the top and middle graphs in Figure 54-5. Are these examples of exponential or logistic population growth? Where is K in each graph? (You may need to refer to Chapter 53 to answer these questions.) RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The top and middle graphs show how each species of Paramecium flourishes when grown alone. The bottom graph shows how they grow together, in competition with each other. In a mixed culture, P. aurelia outcompetes P. caudatum, resulting in competitive exclusion. SOURCE: Adapted from G.F. Gause, The Struggle for Existence (Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, 1934). Figure 54-5 G.F. Gauses classic experiment on interspecific competition

Figure 45.16 Age structure diagrams for rapidly growing, slow growing, and stable populations are shown in stages 1 through 3. What type of population change do you think stage 4 represents?

Match each term with its most suitable description. _____ carrying capacity a. maximum rate or increase per individual under ideal conditions _____ exponential growth b. population growth plots out as an S-shaped curve _____ biotic potential c. maximum number or individuals sustainable by the resources in a given environment _____ limiting factor d. population growth plots out as a J-shaped curve _____ logistic growth e. essential resource that restricts population growth when scarce

The largest population that can be maintained by a particular environment for an indefinite period is known as a (a) semelparous population (b) population undergoing exponential growth (c) metapopulation (d) populations carrying capacity (e) source population