7. Which cytokines are involved in regulating the acute inflammatory response?

Q: 5. Are antibiotics helpful for purulent rhinitis or the common cold? If not, why not?

A: An antibiotic is a type of medication that is used to treat bacterial infections. It is a class of…

Q: Describe the gross anatomy and histology of the lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen?

A: We know that Lymph node, thymus, and spleen are the parts of the immune system of the body. The…

Q: Which of these statements regarding the affected gene are likely to be TRUE? Both copies of the gene…

A: Rhabdomyosarcoma is a highly aggressive form of cancer, where mesenchymal cells become unable to…

Q: 7. What are the current treatments for PK deficiency patients?

A: Pyruvate kinase deficiency is a genetic inability to make the enzyme pyruvate kinase, which is…

Q: Please discuss how a fever develops. What is your body responding to? How can a fever be beneficial?…

A: ANSWER;- discuss how a fever develops.  - You get a fever in light of the fact that your body is…

Q: 12. Why do we have an immune system? Why do we need an immune system?

A: An organism's immune system is a sophisticated and highly specialised network of cells, tissues, and…

Q: What two processes contribute to immune tolerance

A: Introduction: Immune tolerance is the state of being unresponsive to the immunological system and…

Q: 13. What happens to newly created B and T cells with antigen receptors that happen to match the…

A: A lymphocyte is a type of WBC in the immune system of most vertebrates. These lymphocytes include T…

Q: 8. Where are the antigens that T cells recognize and bind to?

A: Antigen is a substance that enters the body and starts a process that can cause disease. The body…

Q: 11. What happens when B cells proliferate in response to signaling from a helper T cell?

A: We know that B cells synthesize and secrete antibodies whereas T-cells do not make antibodies .…

Q: Why people get AIDS?

A: AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is a chronic disease that leads to a decrease…

Q: What functions does necrosis serve in the pathophysiology of various diseases?

A: Necrosis is an irreversible injury that occurs to the cells which eventually results in cell death…

Q: e the normal immune

A: W know Human body have their own system to protect themselves from harmful bacteria, Viruses which…

Q: What is the significance of the lesions present on a patient?

A: A lesion means damage to a body part as a result of an injury or illness. Lesions can occur anywhere…

Q: 4. Where is the spleen located in the body?

A: The spleen can be defined as the organ of the body that belongs to the lymphatic organ system. The…

Q: 2. Differentiate the different types of immunity. avlevalay rosod

A: Immunity is the capacity of an organism to resist or defend against pathogenic microbes or toxic…

Q: What is the primary purpose of the vascular changes in an invaded or injured area? a. Produce…

A: Whenever a body part is injured we can see e the vascular changes which happens in that area. This…

Q: 1. List and describe 4 examples of barrier defenses.

A: Introduction  Natural barriers and the immune system protect the body against infection-causing…

Q: 6. The type of phagocytotic leukocyte, commonly called a macrophage, that increases during later…

A: there are two types of macrophages M1 and M2.  M1 macrophages are classically activated by…

Q: What surgical procedures are used to treat leukaemia?

A: Blood is an important constituent of the circulating system. It helps in transporting essential…

Q: 4. What is the process that causes Grave's disease to develop?

A: Hyperthyroidism is always associated with hypersecretion of thyroid hormones along with numerous…

Q: 4. Describe how macrophage polarization is used in wound healing. Which cytokines are up and down…

A: Macrophage polarization is the process by which macrophage generate definite effective phenotype as…

Q: Why do tissues swell during inflammation? Tissues swell during inflammation because of the volume of…

A: Inflammation is a sort of immunological response that creates during the time of injury or invasion…

Q: Compare and contrast the structure and functions of the spleen and lymph nodes.

A: Human anatomy is the scientific study of the adult human's morphology. It's broken down into two…

Q: 9. After binding to an antigen, T cells activate and differentiate into one of three cell types.…

A: Answer : T cell divided into three types of T cells when bonded with an antigen these are :…

Q: Describe how the skin and mucous membranes play an integral role in helping the body protect itself…

A: The immune system fights microorganisms and foreign objects on the epidermis, in human tissues, and…

Q: Explain why you alternately feel cold and shiver followed by feeling hot and sweating when you have…

A: The rise in a person's core body temperature above a "set point" controlled by the hypothalamus, the…

Q: 7. How can a medical professional stop potential infections?

A: Medical professionals are individuals who have received specialized education, training, and…

Q: Why people get AIDS?

A: AIDS stands for an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is a chronic disease that leads to a…

Q: 2. What are the two main phagocytic cell types involved in innate immunity? How do they know what to…

A: Phagoytic cells are cells which provide natural defence against pathogens invading blood or tissue.…

Q: What is true of the nonspecific immune response? O Comes into play whether or not there had been…

A: We can say that The immune system is defined as a group of biological structures and cellular…

Q: 5. Name one antiphagocytic factor and how does it work?

A: When a microorganism enters in the body of host, it immediately killed by host’s phagocytic cells.…

Q: In what ways does TGF-beta act as both a stimulator and inhibitor of the inflammatory response?

A: TGF-β stands for Transforming growth factor Beta, it is a cytokine (protein secreted by immune cells…

Q: What is true of the nonspecific immune response? O Comes into play whether or not there had been…

A: Immune system: a. It includes a group of cells, tissues, organs, and mechanisms that protect an…

Q: 2.Describe the relationship between physical activity and immune function and disease…

A: The ability of the organism to recognize and differentiate between the self and non-self particles…

Q: 3. For maximal modulation of the inflammatory response, should MSCs be administered pre- or post-…

A: MSCs cells are easily accessible and provide a viable alternative to other stem cell types. In…

Q: 6

A: Health generally refers to the well-being of a person such that a stable equilibrium is maintained…

Q: What is Innate immune response? (immune System).

A: An organism has the ability to fight and create resistance in the body against infection from…

Q: What is the connection between AIDS and HIV infection?

A: The human immunodeficiency virus  preferentially attacks and destroys CD4 positive T lymphocytes…

Q: 3. Complete the chart below by filling in the broad characteristics of each family of cytokines and…

A: Cytokines are signaling particles that play a significant part within the immune system and…

Q: Define the role of the Thymus in the immune system.

A: The human body consists of various systems one such is an immune system that consists of various…

Q: 3. The inflammatory response: What is it, and what are the symptoms?

A: Introduction The body is protected from the invasion of foreign antigens by several layers of immune…

Q: Describe the role of NK cells in fighting cancer? (b) What is the evidence that they are involved…

A: Immunology is a section of biology that includes the study of molecules, cells, and organs that…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.