*67.ssm In outer space the density of matter is extremely low, about oneatom per cm?. The matter is mainly hydrogen atoms (m = 1.67 X 10-"7 kg)whose rms speed is 260 m/s. A cubical box, 2.0 m on a side, is placed in outerspace, and the hydrogen atoms are allowed to enter. Concepts: (i) Whydo hydrogen atoms exert a force on the wall of the box? (ii) Do the atomsgenerate a pressure on the walls of the box? (iii) Do hydrogen atoms inouter space have a temperature? If so, how is the temperature relatedto the microscopic properties of the atoms? Calculations: (a) What isthe magnitude of the force that the atoms exert on one wall of the box?(b) Determine the pressure that the atoms exert. (c) Does outer spacehave a temperature and, if so, what is it?

It is given that, m=1.67×10-27 kgv=260 m/sa=2 mN=1 atom/cm3

Answered: *67. ssm In outer space the density of…

Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text

5th Edition

ISBN:9781133104261

Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett

Chapter16: Temperature And The Kinetic Theory Of Gases

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15OQ

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Which of the assumptions below is not made in the kinetic theory of gases? (a) The number of molecules is very large. (b) The molecules obey Newtons laws of motion. (c) The forces between molecules are long range. (d) The gas is a pure substance. (e) The average separation between molecules is large compared to their dimensions. (f) of (his account are correct statements necessary for a clear and complete explanation? (ii) Which are correct statements that are not necessary to account for the higher thermometer reading? (iii) Which are incorrect statements?
A cylinder that has a 40.0-cm radius and is 50.0 cm deep is filled with air at 20.0C and 1.00 atm (Fig. P10.74a). A 20.0-kg piston is now lowered into the cylinder, compressing the air trapped inside as it takes equilibrium height hi (Fig. P16.74b). Finally, a 25.0-kg dog stands on the piston, further compressing the air, which remains at 20C (Fig. P16.74c). (a) How far down (h) does the piston move when the dog steps onto it? (b) To what temperature should the gas be warmed to raise the piston and dog back to hi?
Two containers hold an ideal gas at the same temperature and pressure. Both containers hold the same type of gas, but container B has twice the volume of container A. (i) What is the average translational kinetic energy per molecule in container B? (a) twice that of container A (b) the same as that of container A (c) half that of container A (d) impossible to determine (ii) From the same choices, describe the internal energy of the gas in container B.
Fifteen identical particles have various speeds: one has a speed of 2.00 m/s, two have speeds of 3.00 m/s, three have speeds of 5.00 m/s, four have speeds of 7.00 m/s, three have speeds of 9.00 m/s, and two have speeds of 12.0 m/s. Find (a) the average speed, (b) the rms speed, and (c) the most probable speed of these particles.
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Two small containers, each with a volume of 1.00 102cm3, contain helium gas at 0C and 1.00 atm pressure. The two containers are joined by a small open tube of negligible volume, allowing gas to flow from one container to the other. What common pressure will exist in the two containers if the temperature of one container is raised to 1.00 102 C while the other container is kept at 0C?
(a) Given that air is 21% oxygen, find the minimum atmospheric pressure that gives a relatively safe partial pressure of oxygen of 0.16 atm. (b) What is the minimum pressure that gives a partial pressure of oxygen above the quickly fatal level of 0.06 atm? (c) The air pressure at the summit of Mount Everest (8848 m) is 0.334 atm. Why have a few people climbed it without oxygen, while some who have tried, even though they had trained at high elevation, had to tum back?
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An ideal gas is contained in a vessel at 300 K. The temperature of the gas is then increased to 900 K. (i) By what factor does the average kinetic energy of the molecules change, (a) a factor of 9, (b) a factor of 3, (c) a factor of 3, (d) a factor of 1, or (e) a factor of 13? Using the same choices as in part (i), by what factor does each of the following change: (ii) the rms molecular speed of the molecules, (iii) the average momentum change that one molecule undergoes in a collision with one particular wall, (iv) the rate of collisions of molecules with walls, and (v) the pressure of the gas?

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