612 Chapter 13 - Chemical Kinetics an averag reaction(s) are endothermic. Assume the reactions have roughly the same frequency factors. Prin O, in the 1.5 x 10 formation sumption increases 20 kJ/mol 30 kJ/mol the dema the Hb c be the c 40 kJ/mol 50 kJ/mol -40 kJ/mol -20 kJ/mol HbO2 fc Reaction progress Reaction progress Reaction progress 13.123 At a cer (a) (b) (c) poses o 13.118 Consider the following potential energy profile for → D reaction. (a) How many elementary steps are there? (b) How many intermediates are formed? (c) Which step is rate determining? (d) Is the overall reaction exothermic or endothermic? From versus of the boins ib vi A CELER Reaction progress 13.124 The 13.119 A factory that specializes in the refinement of tran- sition metals such as titanium was on fire. The fire- fighters were advised not to douse the fire with water. Why? the con 13.120 The activation energy for the decomposition of hy- drogen peroxide wh de 13.125 Po 2H;O;(aq) - 2H-O2(1) + O2(g) is 42 kJ/mol, whereas when the reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme catalase, it is 7.0 kl/mol Potential energy Potential energy

Define and give example for each of the chemistry terms: Hygroscopic substance: Pyrolysis: Ignition: Supersaturated solution: Masking agent: Thermogravimetric: Analysis: Nucleation:

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When you open a bottle of soda, bubbles rapidly form and gas fizzes out. What is the best explanation of this?  Group of answer choices (a) Gas that was trapped at the top of the bottle between the cap and the surface of the liquid escapes immediately and 'draws' liquid soda as it escapes, creating the illusion of bubbling.    (b) The act of opening the bottle 'dislodges' tiny, nearly invisible gas bubbles that were clinging to the side of the container. They quickly condense into larger bubbles and escape.   (c) Warm air from outside the bottle heats the soda, decreasing the solubility of the CO2 in the soda and causing it to bubble out.   (d) When the bottle is opened, the pressure of CO2 gas above the liquid rapidly drops, which significantly decreases the solubility of CO2 in the soda, causing it to bubble out.    (e) H2CO3 in the soda reacts with water vapor in the air, forming CO2 that quickly bubbles out.