6.35) Biochemical literature often uses an alternative chemical equation format. For example, the reaction: A + B C + D is often written as: باد B A C D There are eight chemical reactions that occur in the citric acid cycle process. The reactions of the citric acid cycle are shown in the figure on the right. Which reaction is a hydration reaction? HO-CH Reaction 7 CH II CH =O malate T CH₂ O fumarate FADH₂ Reaction 6 H+ + NADH FAD NAD+ жно -H₂O =O Reaction 8 CH₂ CH, O succinate o GTP 0=C CH₂ O oxaloacetate H-CoA acetyl-coenzyme A Reaction 5 GDP CH-C-CoA P₁ H₂O Reaction 1 Reactions of the Citric Acid Cycle =0 I CH₂, CH₂ H-COA 0=C H+ -0₂ CH₂ HO-C- CO, 10 CH₂ Reaction 4 - 0 H-COA Fo Reaction 2 citrate o Reaction 3 CO, CH₂ CH₂ 0=C NAD+ a-ketoglutarate =0 HỌ–CH CH₂ CH- isocitrate C=O NAD+ H+ + NADH

Mechanism: A reaction mechanism for the following reaction is shown below. H+ CEN CEN: N-H || -C-OH H₂O, H* Step 1 Step 3 N-H C-OH C=N-H H₂O Step2 .C=N-H H-O-H Semse anls a) The overall reaction is an example of b) Step 1 is c) Step 3 is d) Draw in the curved arrows for each step. e) Identify the nucleophiles and electrophiles where appropriate. f) Fill in the reaction energy diagram. C=N-H H₂O: rate determining step E个 reaction progress →

6. Consider the following acid /base reaction. N-Me Me CN-H - + Me. Me - N | me Me a) Draw the two products of this reaction b) will the reactants or products be favored at equilibrium? Briefly justify your answer by referencing specific sructural features of the two bases in the above reaction

10. Draw the product(s) of the given curved arrows. Label the arrows as Ip→л, п→lp, n → п, lp→a, a →lp, etc. Br OH HO) OH (+) H H НО н. Ф н

2. Which of the following two reactions would have an equilibrium constant more favorable to the right? Explain your answer. (1) CH3 CH3 H3C-C-OH + H;O* H;C-C* + 2H;O CH3 CH3 (2) CH3 CH3 F,C-C-OH + H;O* F;C-C* + 2H;0 ČH3 ČH3