6. The pedigree below traces the inheritance of a particular disorder. Circles are females, squares are males. Shaded symbols are affected with the disorder (NOTE: "half-shaded" symbols are NOT used here, for heterozygous individuals). What is the mode of inheritance of this disorder: is it dominant or recessive? Autosomal or X-linked? What is the genotype of the three numbered individuals? 1 2. 3.

9. A true-breeding blue-flower, wrinkled-seed, short-stem, yellow-leaf plant was crossed with a true-breeding red-flower, round- seed, long-stem, green-leaf plant and all of the progeny had the following phenotype: purple-flower, round seed, short-stem, approximately half of the leaves on the plants were yellow and the other half green. Assuming a single gene controls each trait, describe the inheritance pattern for each gene. Inheritance Pattern a. Gene Flower color Seed shape Stem length Leaf color

A turkey farmer is worried about a new disease that is found in his birds. If affects females more than males. Which of the following is(are) reason(s) that explain this finding? The disease is sex linked b The disease is autosomal recessive  c The disease is located on the Z chromosome d A and C e B and C

5. The pedigree below traces the inheritance of Albinism, a genetic disorder. Affected individuals, indicated here by the coloured circles and squares, are unable to make a normal amount of melanin, the chemical that is responsible for eye, skin, and hair colour. Does Albinism appear to be caused by a dominant allele or by a recessive allele? Fill in the genotypes of the individuals whose genotypes can be deduced. What genotypes are possible for each of the other individuals? Explain! Naruto Hinata Reiner Asta Hange Mikasa Eren Historia Luffy Nezuko Zenitsu Tanjiro Son Goku

II. Given the following pedigree below, use Punnett squares for each of the following possibilities: a) Autosomal recessive and b) Autosomal dominant in order to determine what is the mode of transmission of this trait. Disease allele = a or A, depending on mode of transmission of the disease respectively. Your Punnett squares should reflect what you see in generation II. Circle the mode of transmission. Note: Observe the whole pedigree. I Circle the mode of transmission 1 III 6 genotype (circle one): AA Created by Dr. Susan A. Holechek for BIO 340 (2023) 2 1 2 3 4 a) Autosomal recessive 11 x 12 9 XªXa 2 3 5 6 Ở хаха *4 7 b) Autosomal dominant 11x12 8 Aa *Unaffected/No carrier-Normal AaAa

7. Hereditary ichthyosis in humans is a sex-linked trait. If a normal male and a carrier female produce offspring, what will be the phenotypic ratios of: Normal females to scaly females? Normal males to scaly males? 8. Raedwald is color blind. His four sisters and his parents all have normal color vision. Who passed this condition on to Raedwald, and what can be said for certain about the genotypes of his maternal and paternal grandparents? wwwwM

5. If individual IV-9 is a male, what is the probability that he would be affected with dark blue skin color?