6. Describe the mechanical events of the cardiac cycle (as in Figure 14.18a), including isovolumic ventricular contraction and isovolumic ventricular relaxation (pressure- volume curve of left ventricle, Figure 14.18b). What causes valves to open and close during a cardiac cycle?
6. Describe the mechanical events of the cardiac cycle (as in Figure 14.18a), including isovolumic ventricular contraction and isovolumic ventricular relaxation (pressure- volume curve of left ventricle, Figure 14.18b). What causes valves to open and close during a cardiac cycle?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Transcribed Image Text:2. Match the following events to points A-D:
FIG. 14.18 Mechanical events of the cardiac cycle
(a) The heart cycles between contraction
(systole) and relaxation (diastole).
Late diastole-both sets of
chambers are relaxed and
ventricles fill passively.
Ventricular diastole
START
Isovolumic ventricular
relaxation-as
ventricles relax, pressure
in ventricles falls. Blood
flows back into cusps of
semilunar valves and
Atrial systole-atrial
contraction forces a
small amount of
additional blood into
ventricles.
snaps them closed.
Minimum blood volume
in ventricles = end-
systolic volume (ESV)
Cardiac
cycle
Heart sound S1
3 Isovolumic ventricular
contraction– first phase of
ventricular contraction pushes
AV valves closed but does not
create enough pressure to open
semilunar valves. Maximum
blood volume in ventricles =
end-diastolic volume (EDV)
Heart sound S2
Ventricular ejection-as
ventricular pressure rises and
exceeds pressure in the
arteries, the semilunar valves
open and blood is ejected.
Ventricular systole
(b) Left ventricular pressure-volume changes during one cardiac cycle. This pressure-volume curve represents one cardiac cycle.
Moving around the curve from A to B, C, D and back to A represents time passing as the heart fills with blood, then contracts.
Stroke volume
120 relaratih
o
ESV
KEY
? FIGURE QUESTIONS
EDV = End-diastolic volume
ESV = End-systolic volume
1. Match the following segments
to the corresponding ventricular events:
A B:
80
(a) Ejection of blood into aorta
(b) Isovolumic contraction
(c) Isovolumic relaxation
(d) Passive filling and atrial
O C
ONE
CARDIAC
CYCLE
B C:
C D:
D-A:
40 -
contraction
2. Match the following events to points A.
(a) aortic valve opens
START
-EDV Contvaction
(b) mitral valve opens
B
A'
AO
(c) aortic valve closes
(d) mitral valve closes
65
100
135
Left ventricular volume (mL)
Atrial systole
Atrial diastole
Left ventricular pressure (mm Hg)
Transcribed Image Text:6. Describe the mechanical events of the cardiac cycle (as in Figure 14.18a), including
isovolumic ventricular contraction and isovolumic ventricular relaxation (pressure-
volume curve of left ventricle, Figure 14.18b). What causes valves to open and close
during a cardiac cycle?
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