6) During the Wittig reaction, you perform the reaction as follows:4-chlorobenzaldehyde (136 mg) and (carbethoxymethylene)triphenylphosphorane(323 mg) were placed in a 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask. The two solids were mixed vigorously for 15 min. The reaction mixture was diluted with hexanes (2.9 mL - density 0.661 g/mL) The by-product, triphenylphosphine oxide, was filtered off.0.085 g total of triphenyl phosphine was isolated. The filtrate was then evaporated to dryness to obtain 0.151 g of the desired product, pure ethyl-4-chlorocinnamate, as a colorless oil.What is the % effective mass yield of the reaction? (Your result should be reported as a % value and rounded to the nearest integer.

1) 1-bromobutane will undergo reactions when heated, as shown by reactions A and B                                                                                              CH3CH2CH2CH2Br                                         A                                                  B                      CH3CH2CH2CH2OH                         CH3CH2CH=CH2 a)For reactions A and B give the reagents used in each case.b)Reaction A was repeated using 1-iodobutane instead of 1-bromobutane, Explain any difference in therate of reaction observed.C)What type of organic reaction is A?d) Show the mechanism for reaction Ae)Reaction A was repeated with 2-bromo-2-methylpropane instead of 1-bromobutane.i)Name the organic compound formedii) The mechanism of the reaction with 2-bromo-2-methylpropane differs from the mechanism ofreaction A. Describe how the mechanisms differ.f)What type of reaction is B?g)If reaction B was repeated with 2-bromobutane, name the other organic products that can form aswell…

In an experiment, triphenylmethanol is prepared using the Grignard reaction. The Grignard reaction involves preparation and reaction of a very nucleophilic organo-magnesium compound. The Grignard reagent is very reactive and is easily destroyed by reaction with atmospheric water, oxygen, or carbon dioxide. The Grignard reagent must be prepared under strict anhydrous conditions (dry glassware, dry solvent). The volative solvent, diethyl ether, helps to prevent oxygen or carbon dioxide from entering the reaction vessel. Reaction of bromobenzene with magnesium in ether produces phenylmagnesium bromide. This Grignard reagent then reacts with methyl benzoate to produce the corresponding alkoxide. Reaction of the alkoxide with aqueous acid then produces the alcohol.  Why is it unwise to begin addition of the solution of carbonyl compound to the Grignard reagent before the latter has cooled to room temperature?

1-Chlorobutane was treated with different nucleophiles shown in the table. The reaction was carried out in acetone at 25°C. CH;CH2CH2C1 + HNu or NaNu CH3CH2CH,Nu + Precipitate in some reactions Time until precipitate Nucleophile (Nu)Compound Reaction Number observed Relative reactivity NaOCH3 0.52 sec 1 НОСНЗ none observed 2 NaSCH3 0.15 sec 3 HSCH3 4.35 min 4 1. Rank the relative reactivity of nucleophiles. The shortest time means fastest reaction, which gets number 1 reactivity. The longest time means slowest reaction, which gets number 4. 2. The formula of the precipitate that forms in Reaction 3 is 3. Explain why the nucleophile in Reaction 1 is stronger than the nucleophile in Reaction 2. 4. Explain why the nucleophile in Reaction 3 is stronger than the nucleophile in Reaction 1.