4. Consider a monopolist with cost funetion c(q) = 20g, who is facing two con- sumers. The consumers' demand functions are given by 91= 100 -p 92 = 300 – 3p. (a) Suppose the monopolist does not price discriminate. Find the monopolist's optimal pricing strategy, the resulting profit, and Lerner Index. (b) Suppose the monopolist can engage in third degree price discrimination. Find the monopolist's optimal pricing strategy and the resulting profit. Compare the profit with that found in part (a), and give an intuitive ex- planation. (c) Now, suppose the monopolist can produce the good at zero cost. That is clq) = 0. Find the monopolist's optimal second degree price discrimination strategy.
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- 8. A monopolist with cost function c(q) = q faces two consumers whose demand functions are given below. Q₁ = 100-P 50-P Q₂ (a) Suppose the monopolist is a uniform pricing firm (i.e.the monopolist can- not engage in any price discrimination). Find the firm's optimal pricing strategy. Calculate the firm's Lerner index. (b) What is the deadweight loss associated with this pricing strategy, if any? (c) Now, assume that price discrimination is possible. Find the monopolist's optimal second degree price-discrimination strategy. (d) Find the monopolist's optimal third degree price-discrimination strategy.2. A regulated two-product natural monopolist faces demands, 91 100 – P1, q2 = 120 – 2p2, with a total cost function of 1, 800+ 20(q1 + 42). (a) Find the profit-maximizing pair of prices. Calculate the monopolist's profit and each market and total DWL. (b) Find the Ramsey prices that satisfies zero profit. Calculate each market and total DWL.Assume a monopolist produces rum and knows there are two groups of rum consumers, 1 and 2, with different price elasticities. Group 1 is highly price elastic with E1=-10; Group 2 exhibits a lower price elasticity of E2=-2.5. Assume the company can separate these two groups (e.g., by handing out special ID cards) and can charge two different prices. If P2=$14, how much can it charge to Group 1?
- You are employed at a monopolistic company as a research (pricing) economist and you are deriving the behavior of two markets based on demand curves given by:D1(p1) = 50 - p1D2(p2) = 50 - 2p2 Assume that the marginal cost is constant at $8 a unit. (a) If it can price discriminate, what price should it charge in each market in order to maximize profits?(b) If it can’t price discriminate, what price should it charge?Suppose you are employed at a monopolistic company as a research (pricing)economist and you are deriving the behavior of two markets based on demand curves given by: D1 (p1) = 50 - p1 D2 (p2) = 50 - 2p2 Assume that the marginal cost is constant at $8 a unit. (a) If it can price discriminate, what price should it charge in each market in order to maximize profits? (b) If it can't price discriminate, what price should it charge?A monopolist has a single customer with the demand curve P=20-Q. (So this customer will buy different quantities at different prices.) Suppose the monopolist’s marginal cost is MC=0. (And assume FC=0 to keep things simple.) The monopolist uses “standard” pricing, i.e., it sets a single price for all units that the customer buys. The graph below shows the demand curve and MC curve. Solve graphically for the price & quantity that will maximize profit for the monopolist. Shade the areas on your graph that represent consumer surplus and the monopolist’s profit.
- 1. A monopolist with zero cost, that is c(q) = 0, faces two consumers whose demand functions are given below. Q1 = 10-P Q2 (a) Suppose the monopolist cannot engage in any price discrimination. Find the firm's optimal pricing strategy. (b) Now, assume that price discrimination is possible. Find the monopolist's optimal first degree price-discrimination strategy. (c) Find the monopolist's optimal second degree price-discrimination strategy.Market demand for the nuclear substance pluranium is given below, along with the TR for the given demand schedule. Pluranium is supplied to the world market by a monopolist. Suppose that the marginal cost of supplying an extra megatonne of pluranium is $20 and the business has FC=$60. Suppose that the monopolist can 3rd degree price discriminate and segregate market demand into two global regions - North world and South world - as follows: North world Price ($ per megaton) Quantity (megatons) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 Price ($ per megaton) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 South world 10 0 Quantity (megatons) 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 Given that they segregate the market, what is the profit that the monopolist makes?Market demand for the nuclear substance pluranium is given below, along with the TR for the given demand schedule. Pluranium is supplied to the world market by a monopolist. Suppose that the marginal cost of supplying an extra megatonne of pluranium is $20 and the business has FC=$60. Suppose that the monopolist can 3rd degree price discriminate and segregate market demand into two global regions - North world and South world - as follows: Price ($ per megaton) 80 70 60 50 North world 40 30 20 10 0 Quantity (megatons) quantity would be 0 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 South world Price ($ per megaton) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 If they were only to service North World, then the price would be Quantity (megatons) 0 0 0 0 1 2 1345 and the
- Consider any market that has a demand curve given by: Qd = 240 - 2P. Where Qd is the total quantity demanded in the market, given in millions of units and P is the market price, calculated in monetary units. Imagine that there are 2 Cournot oligopolists operating in this market with Cmg = CVme = 15 and fixed monthly costs equal to 1,400. About this market, ask yourself: a) What is the profit of each of the oligopolists? b) Imagine that one of the companies managed to implement a process innovation capable of halving its Cmg and CVme, so that they would go from 15 to 7.5. This investment implies an additional monthly expense of $1,800. Discuss the statement: "If this situation occurs, the innovative company will not implement variable cost reduction, as the quantity supplied in the market will increase very little; prices will remain very close to what they are today and its profits will not increase"Suppose a monopoly market has a demand function in whichquantity demanded depends not only on market price (P) butalso on the amount of advertising the firm does (A, measuredin dollars). The specific form of this function isQ =(20 - P2) (1 + 0.1A - 0.01A2).The monopolistic firm’s cost function is given byC = 10Q + 15 + A.a. Suppose there is no advertising (A = 0). What outputwill the profit-maximizing firm choose? What market price will this yield? What will be the monopoly’sprofits?b. Now let the firm also choose its optimal level of advertising expenditure. In this situation, what output levelwill be chosen? What price will this yield? What will thelevel of advertising be? What are the firm’s profits in thiscase? Hint: This can be worked out most easily by assuming the monopoly chooses the profit-maximizing pricerather than quantity.Suppose that the monopolist from Question 4 is now forced to charge the same price in both markets. Using thedemand functions and cost function from Question 4, what is the total inverse demand in this case? What is theprofit-maximizing price? What is the monopolist’s profit? (Question 4 = A monopolist is operating in two separate markets. The inverse demand functions for the two markets are P1 = 35 – 2.5Q_1 and P2 = 30 – 2Q_2. The monopolist’s total cost function is TC(Q) = 8 + 5(Q_1 + Q_2). Q_1 means Q subscript 1