ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780190931919
Author: NEWNAN
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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3. think through a couple of other such shifters using the bond supply/demand picture. a. Suppose that households learn that they are entering a recession. This means that they need to prepare for a higher risk of being unemployed for a long period of time. How will this possibility affect their demand for government bonds? Explain your answer. What will happen to the equilibrium interest rate in the government bond market? b. Suppose that banks are told that they must be backed by a lot more equity capital, unless their assets consist of government bonds. How will this affect their demand for government bonds? What will happen to the equilibrium interest rate in the government bond market?
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- During the global financial crisis from 2007 to 2008, government bond interest rate declines from 5% to 0%, while corporate bond interest rate increases from 7% to 10%. Use bonds market equilibrium to graphically show and discuss how would government bond interest rate and corporate bond interest rate change if financial risk becomes higherarrow_forward1. Using both the supply and demand for bonds and liquidity preference frameworks, show how interest rates are affected when the riskiness of bonds decreases. Are the results the same in the two frameworks?arrow_forwardFrom the end of 2009 to the end of 2019, the size of the United States National Debt held by the public grew from $6.8 trillion to $17.2 trillion, which meant that the supply of government bonds rose substantially over the period. During the same period, however, the 10 year US Treasury Bond yield to maturity fell from 3.59% in December 2009 to 1.86% in December of 2019. Explain how such an increase in the supply of government bonds can lead to a fall in the interest ratearrow_forward
- 3. According to an article on the junk bond market in Europe published in the Economist in 2016, "The spread (the interest premium over government borrowing rates) paid by junk-bond issuers has risen by nearly three-and-a-half percentage points since March last year." (a) How can you tell whether a newly issued bond is a junk bond? (b) Why would the spread between government bonds and junk bonds have been rising? (c) Does this increase in the spread make junk bonds a better or a worse investment compared with buying government-issued bonds? Briefly explain.arrow_forwardInflationary expectations in the economy increase rapidly, evoking a much stronger response from issuers of bonds than lenders of bonds. Using the model of supply and demand for bonds, illustrate and explain the impact of this increase in inflationary expectation on equilibrium bond price and interest rate.arrow_forwardWhy is the relationship between price and yield negative?a. Because investors reward higher cash-flows with a lower price.b. Because governments regulation prohibits a positive relationship.c. Because an increase in the yield discounts cash flows at a higher rate and so their netpresent value decreases.d. Because cash flows are variable over a bond’s life.arrow_forward
- 1. Which model can explain the Fisher effect on interest rates? A. the supply and demand model for bonds B. both our supply and demand model for bonds and Keynes’ liquidity preference model C. neither the supply and demand model for bonds nor the Keynes’ liquidity preference model D. Keynes’ liquidity preference modelarrow_forwardIf expected inflation is rising, how does it affect the bond prices and yields to maturity in the secondary market. Explain with a supply and demand for bonds diagram (ONLY one diagram).arrow_forwardSuppose the current annual interest rate on a one-year government bond is 8% and the expected annual interest rate on a one-year bond one year from now is 8.5%, and a one- year bond two years from now is 9%. Based on this information, the current annual interest rate on a three-year government bond is approximately, A. 8.0% B. 9.0% 8.5% D. 8.2% 10% ABCDE C. E.arrow_forward
- E3 The demand curve and supply curve for one-year discount bonds were estimated using the following equations: Bd Price=-2/5Quantity+990 Bs Price=Quantity+500 As the stock market continued to rise, the Federal Reserve felt the need to increase the interest rates. As a result, the new market interest rate increased to 19.65%, but the equilibrium quantity remained unchanged. What are the new demand and supply equations? Assume parallel shifts in the equationsarrow_forward4 In the economy there is a decrease in profitable business opportunities for firms. As a result, in the bond market the _____ curve for bonds should shift and the new equilibrium price will be _____. demand; higher demand; lower supply; higher supply; lowerarrow_forward
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