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Transcribed Image Text:Conservation
of energy =
+ P₁= K₂ + P²₂
N
3. The pendulum will start to swing upwards. At the beginning of its swing, what kind of
energy does the pendulum have? It will swing up to a certain angle where it will
temporarily stop. What kind of energy does the pendulum have at the top of its swing?
Draw a diagram of the pendulum, showing the pendulum at the bottom (where it starts)
and also draw a diagram when it has been displaced to its maximum angle. Use the
diagrams to find the vertical height difference between the pendulum's initial position and
final position. At the beginning of its swin
has kinetic energy
At the top of its swing,
pe
Start
U
maximum
angle.
2
Jello
Pendulum has gro
Potentiale
vertical he
difference=
h=1-1 cose
d
4.
With your height difference from number 3, you're ready to use the conservation of energy.
Since the energy at the bottom of the swing must equal the energy at the top of the swing,
use that fact to find the velocity of the pendulum in terms of the length of the pendulum,
the acceleration of gravity g, angle 0, and the masses.
11/9/22, 7:56 AB
2
h=((1-cos)
ball
of the masses.
Transcribed Image Text:Lab 8- The Ballistic Pendulum
A ballistic pendulum is an object that can measure the velocity of a projectile by using the
conservation of energy and momentum. It is a different way of measuring velocity since it does
not involve a time measurement. Although modern projectile velocities are measured using optical
chronographs (which involves a time measurement), the ballistic pendulum remains an instructive
method of measuring a velocity. It was invented in 1742 by an English mathematician (Benjamin
Robins) who used a heavy iron pendulum to make his measurements. His rather involved
calculations used the period of the oscillations induced by the projectile's impact. Our
experimental devices will allow for the use of simple conservation of energy and momentum
calculations to obtain the velocity of the projectile. For our device, the ball will be launched by a
horizontal spring launcher (see diagram) toward the catcher which is attached to the end of a rod
that can swing upward (i.e., the pendulum). When the ball is caught, it will cause the pendulum
to swing upward. We can measure the angle to which the rod swings when it reaches its maximum
height.
Equipment
Steel projectile, spring launcher & pendulum system (the rod and "catcher" in the diagram below),
triple beam mass balances, meter stick
launcher
0010
axle
rod
Dhara Patel
catcher
Prediction
In this lab we will measure the deflection angle of a ballistic pendulum. Derive an equation for
the velocity of the projectile given the masses of the projectile and pendulum, the length of the
pendulum, and the deflection angle.
The pre-lab is designed to help you come up with this prediction.
11/9/22, 7:56 AM
11/9/22, 7:56 AM
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