College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- A 5.00 kg satellite is launched from the north pole into a circular orbit 800 km above the surface of the earth. How much energy is required to achieve this orbit? (The following set of questions will guide you to the answer.) Me = 5.98x1024 kg; Re = 6.37x106 m. G = 6.67x10-11 N m2/ kg2. Note: The problem specifies that the satellite is being launched from the north pole so that we can ignore the initial circular motion and initial kinetic energy as it rotates once every day. In reality, space agencies choose to launch rockets from southern latitudes to take advantage of the initial velocity they have due to this motion. a. calculate the change in gravitational potential energy. (Give your answer in MJ.) b. What is the gravitational force on the satellite? (Give your answer in N.) c. What is the velocity of the satellite? (Give your answer in m/s.) Note: The weight force is equal to m v2/R. d. What is the kinetic energy in this orbit? (Give your answer in MJ.) e. how much total energy…arrow_forwardA satellite orbits the earth at a height of 400 km above the surface. How much energy must be expended to rocket the satellite out of the earth’s gravitational influence? Mass of the satellite = 200 kg; mass of the earth = 6.0×1024 kg; radius of the earth = 6.4 × 106 m; G = 6.67 × 10-11 N m2 kg-2.arrow_forwardA comet is in an elliptical orbit around the Sun. Its closest approach to the Sun is a distance of 4.9 × 1010 m (inside the orbit of Mercury), at which point its speed is 8.9 x 104 m/s. Its farthest distance from the Sun is far beyond the orbit of Pluto. What is its speed when it is 6 x 10¹2 m from the Sun? (This is the approximate distance of Pluto from the Sun.) speed= m/sarrow_forward
- A spaceship with m = 1.00 ✕ 104 kg is in a circular orbit around the Earth, h = 800 km above its surface. The ship's captain fires the engines in a direction tangent to the orbit, and the spaceship assumes an elliptical orbit around the Earth with an apogee of d = 3.00 ✕ 104 km, measured from the Earth's center. How much energy (in J) must be used from the fuel to achieve this orbit? (Assume that all the fuel energy goes into increasing the orbital energy and that the perigee distance is equal to the initial radius.)arrow_forwardConsider an object that is in an elliptical orbit with semimajor axis a = 7.9×106 m about a planet of mass M = 1.0×1023 kg. (a) What is the speed of the object when it is closest to the planet at r = a/4? (b) What is the speed of the object when it is furthest from the planet?arrow_forwardPlease answer the second question (3 parts)arrow_forward
- A space capsule of mass 505 kg is at rest 8.00 x 10' m from the center of the Earth. When it has fallen 5.00 x 10° m closer to the Earth, finu le (a) What is the change in the system's gravitational potential energy? (b) Find the speed of the satellite at that point. m/sarrow_forwardHow much energy is required to move a 1400 kg object from the Earth's surface to an altitude twice the Earth's radius? A 965-kg satellite orbits the Earth at a constant altitude of 109-km. (a) How much energy must be added to the system to move the satellite into a circular orbit with altitude 190 km? MJ (b) What is the change in the system's kinetic energy? MJ (c) What is the change in the system's potential energy? MJarrow_forwardA comet is in an elliptical orbit around the Sun. Its closest approach to the Sun is a distance of 5 x 1010 m (inside the orbit of Mercury), at which point its speed is 9.6 x 10* m/s. Its farthest distance from the Sun is beyond the orbit of Pluto. What is its speed when it is 6 x 1012 m from the Sun? (This is the approximate distance of Pluto from the Sun.) speed = m/s Additional Materials eBook O Show My Work (Optional)arrow_forward
- A comet is in an elliptical orbit around the Sun. Its closest approach to the Sun is a distance of 4.5 x 1010 m (inside the orbit of Mercury), at which point its speed is 9.2 x 104 m/s. Its farthest distance from the Sun is far beyond the orbit of Pluto. What is its speed when it is 6 x 1012 m from the Sun? (This is the approximate distance of Pluto from the Sun.) speed = 690 X m/s Additional Materials eBookarrow_forwardA 3500-kg spaceship is in a circular orbit 220 km above the surface of Earth. It needs to be moved into a higher circular orbit of 390 km to link up with the space station at that altitude. In this problem you can take the mass of the Earth to be 5.97 × 1024 kg.How much work, in joules, do the spaceship’s engines have to perform to move to the higher orbit? Ignore any change of mass due to fuel consumption.arrow_forwardThe first asteroid to be discovered is Ceres. It is the largest and most massive asteroid is our solar system’s asteroid belt, having an estimated mass of 3.0 x 1021kg and an orbital speed of 17900 m/s. Determine the amount of kinetic energy possessed by Ceres.arrow_forward
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