3 2 If there are no mutations during this process, which of the following pairs of strands will have identical base sequences? 1 and 2 1 and 4 2 and 4 O 3 and 4

Q: How many bases need to match in a degenerate primer?

A: degenerate primers are a mixture of primers that are basically used in the degenerate PCR to amplify…

Q: At a specific area of this chromosome, the sequence of nucleotides below is present where the chain…

A: The region of DNA known as the replication fork is where the replication process itself is now…

Q: Explain the role of boundary elements in the DNA. If you were to use gene editing technology to…

A: Detailed explanation: Let's break down the role of boundary elements in DNA and explore the…

Q: A chromosome initially has the following segments:A B • C D E F G Draw the chromosome, identifying…

A: The chromosomes have two arms that are called the short and long arm. The short arm is also referred…

Q: The 5'-3' exonuclease activity involves all the following EXCEPT: o Both ribonucleotides and…

A: DNA replication is a complex process that occurs during the cell cycle and allows a single cell to…

Q: 16/ The phosphates that make up the phosphodiester bonds in DNA have pKa  2. What is the sign of…

A: pKa of the phosphodiester bond in DNA = 2 It is desired to calculate the charge on DNA at neutral…

Q: What do you mean by Error-Prone Repair by Nonhomologous End Joining?

A: Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a pathway that repairs double strand breaks in DNA. NHEJ is…

Q: I T?L|| ?L||?T |||| || |A| ||T|||c| |||| 6 4 5 “A. Denote the 5' and 3' ends of all of the DNA…

A: Hello. Since your question has multiple parts, we will solve the first question for you. If you want…

Q: 1 ) A mutational event inserts one extra base pair into DNA. Which of the following outcome do you…

A: The mutation is the sudden deleterious effects on the DNA sequences. They can arise when the DNA is…

Q: The function of the 5’-> 3’ exonuclease activity is found in which of the following:   Group of…

A: Replication is the process of making complementary strand of DNA from the parental strand of DNA.

Q: Which of the following is a tautomer or are tautomers of cytosine? `N' OH. OH. OH. H

A: The hereditary molecule deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) transmits genetic information from one…

Q: 5'- What will be the Sanger products of the DNA with base sequence ACGTCGACTCCGGTC-3'

A: DNA sequencing is the biochemical method used for determining the order of nucleotide bases, A, G,…

Q: 100 50 104 1 10 104 Cot DNA renaturation curves occasionally show three distinct phases of…

A: A single stranded DNA binds to its complementary strand to reform double stranded DNA is called…

Q: 1. Epigenetic marks refer to modifications to DNA and proteins that in tum regulate gene expression.…

A: Different macromolecules are present in humans. They include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and…

Q: 7 a-d. i. ii. Draw the Hydrogen bonds between the base pairs and label the atoms that participate in…

A: There are 2 conventional base pairs in DNA. They are; Between Adenine and Thymine Between Guanine…

Q: Fig 3.16 EcoRI SacI Kpnl ampR Aval Xmal Smal lacZ BamHI Xbal Sall AccI HincII PstI Sphl HindIII Bam…

A: A bacterial protein termed restriction enzyme, also known as molecular scissors, cleaves DNA at…

Q: Draw the structure of the double Holliday junctionthat would result from strand invasion by both…

A: Holiday junction are intermediates of homologous recombination and this junction formation occur…

Q: Which of the following descriptions of regions A, B, and Care INCORRECT? A = minor groove, sugar…

A: On one side of the helix, the strand backbones are closer together than on the other. When the…

Q: IS the order of the base pairs exactly the same in the 2 new DNA strands?

A:

Q: Consider the following coding sequence transcribed from 5' to 3' 5' A T G A A G C G C T C A G T A 3'…

A: Substitution of guanine at position 11 would result in to conversion of UCA into UGA (which is a…

Q: What is meant by the term semiconservativereplication? What are the functions of DNA Pol I and…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication is a biological process in which two identical replicas of…

Q: What are the base pairing rules for DNA? Adenine (A) joins to i_and Cytosine (C) joins to ii (Choose…

A: DNA is a polymer which is made up of various nucleotides. Each nucleotides is made up of a…

Q: Which of the following are the correct types of chromosomal mutation as shown from Figure 1.4? *…

A: Correct option is B i.e.  Inversion Insertion Deletion Translocation

Q: What does it mean to say that extensions by DNA polymerase III proceeds 5' to 3'?

A: DNA replication is a process through which a new copy of DNA is synthesized. DNA polymerase III is…

Q: Draw double-stranded DNA (two basepairs long with one AT basepair and one GC basepair). Your drawing…

A: Basic structure of DNA and the structure of different nitrogenous bases.

Q: Which of the follwing enzymes adds incoming deoxyribonucleotid triphosphates to the 3' OH of the…

A: Deoxyribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) are the building blocks of DNA.…

Q: One of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic genetic material? 1. Eukaryotic genetic…

A: DNA is the hereditary genetic material found in cells of living organisms. In eukaryotic cells, DNA…

Q: On the 4 diagrams below show the four different ways (which strands are cut and where for each…

A: In our daily life, many events have occurred in which DNA exposed to DNA damaging agents like…

Q: There are characteristic differences in the nucleotide sequences of the leading and lagging strands.…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA) is a molecule that contains two polynucleotide chains that coil around…

Q: 4b) What is the functional difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin? In other words, what…

A: Euchromatin is a type of chromatin that is loosely packed. It is a chromosomal region with a high…

Q: The first 15 bases of the original informational strand of DNA (which continues after what is shown)…

A: Mutation is the change in DNA sequence caused due to various factors. Mutations take place during…

Q: 5' 3' O Top strand 5' O Bottom strand Primer 1 ORF Primer 2 5' 3' You have designed primers to…

A: In DNA, the two strands are antiparallel, meaning they run in opposite directions. The top strand…

Q: Which direction will the new DNA strand grow, 5' to 3' or 3' to 5'?

A: DNA replication is the process by which DNA molecule makes its own identical copies with the help of…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.