2o. Which of the following sentences is NOI correct? A. Axon can branch B. Afferent neurons are generally bipolar neurons C. Most neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cytosol of a neuron D. GABA is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system E. Ligaments connect muscles to bone

2o. Which of the following sentences is NOI correct? A. Axon can branch B. Afferent neurons are generally bipolar neurons C. Most neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cytosol of a neuron D. GABA is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system E. Ligaments connect muscles to bone

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter39: Information Flow And The Neuron

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8TYK: Which of the following statements best describes saltatory conduction? a. It inhibits direct...

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Which of the following statements best describes saltatory conduction? a. It inhibits direct neurotransmitter release. b. It transmits the action potential at the nodes of Ranvier andthus speeds up impulses on myelinated axons. c. It increases neurotransmitter release at the presynapticmembrane. d. It decreases neurotransmitter uptake at chemically gatedpostsynaptic channels. e. It removes neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft.
Neurons contain ________, which can receive signals from other neurons. a. axons b. mitochondria c. dendrites d. Golgibodies
Visit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/neurolab) to see a virtual neurophysiology lab, and to observe electrophysiological processes in the nervous system, where scientists directly measure the electrical signals produced by neurons. Often, the action potentials occur so rapidly that watching a screen to see them occur is not helpful. A speaker is powered by the signals recorded from a neuron and it pops each time the neuron fires an action potential. These action potentials are firing so fast that it sounds like static on the radio. Electrophysiologists can recognize the patterns within that static to understand what is happening. Why is the leech model used for measuring the electrical activity of neurons instead of using humans?
An example of a synapse could be the site where: a. neurotransmitters released by an axon travel across a gap and are picked up by receptors on a muscle cell. b. an electrical impulse arrives at the end of a dendrite causingions to flow onto axons of presynaptic neurons. c. postsynaptic neurons transmit a signal across a cleft to apresynaptic neuron. d. oligodendrocytes contact the dendrites of an afferent neurondirectly. e. an onoff switch stimulates an electrical impulse in apresynaptic cell to stimulate other presynaptic cells.
In the propagation of a nerve impulse: a. the refractory period begins as the K+ channel opens, allowing K+ ions to flow outward along their concentrationgradient. b. Na+ ions flow out of the axon with their concentration gradient. c. positive charges lower the membrane potential to its lowestaction potential. d. gated K+ channels open at the same time as the activationgate of Na+ channels closes. e. the depolarizing stimulus lowers the membrane potential toopen the Na+ gates.
Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/3Dmovies) to learn about the side effects of 3-D movies. As discussed in this video, movies that are shot in 3-D can cause motion sickness, which elicits the autonomic symptoms of nausea and sweating. The disconnection between the perceived motion on the screen and the lack of any change in equilibrium stimulates these symptoms. Why do you think sitting close to the screen or right in the middle of the theater makes motion sickness during a 3-D movie worse?
View the University of Michigan Webscope (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/nervefiber) to see an electron micrograph of a cross-section of a myelinated nerve fiber. The axon contains microtubules and neurofilaments, bounded by a plasma membrane known as the axolemma. Outside the plasma membrane of the axon is the myelin sheath, which is composed of the tightly wrapped plasma membrane of a Schwann cell. What aspects of the cells in this image react with the stain that makes them the deep, dark, black color, such as the multiple layers that are the myelin sheath?
20. Which of the following sentences is NOT correct? A. Axon can branch B. Afferent neurons are generally bipolar neurons C. Most neurotransmitters are synthesized in the cytosol of a neuron D. GABA is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system E. Ligaments connect muscles to bone
4. From the list of terms that follow, please label the figure (at least once) below accordingly: ده 35 • Ca ● . ● ● Vesicle Presynaptic membrane postsynaptic membrane ● Synaptic cleft ● Na* ● Voltage-gated channel Ligand-gated channel Neurotransmitter - لها Now, explain in 2-5 sentences how the stimulus is transmitted to another cell.
1. What could you correctly say about the Bundle of His? a. Changes in its rhythm of firing would be classified as dromotropic effects b. Cells within it rely on calcium-induced calcium release c. Cells within it would participate in inotropic effects d. Cells within it make force 2. Which of the following is/are true regarding all of the action potentials that we have learned about in class thus far? (Hint - the 3 types are neuronal, ventricular, nodal) a. They all have the fast inward sodium current that is responsible for initial depolarization b. They all carry a calcium current c. They all last over 100ms d. They all have a repolarizing potassium current e. All answers are true
6. Which of the following combinations correctly identifies properties of a type of neuron? K L M Neuron Sensory Motor Interneuron Motor Structure Long axons Long axons Short axons Short axons Function Transmit nerve impulses to the central nervous system Relay nerve impulses from sensory to interneurons Relay nerve impulses from motor to sensory neurons Transmit nerve impulses to the peripheral nervous system
5. Which one of the following responses is most likely to occur when the body temperature of a healthy human becomes too low? J An increase in the production of the hormone thyroxine, causing a decrease in the metabolic rate K A decrease in the production of the hormone thyroxine, causing a decrease in the metabolic rate L An increase in the blood flow to the skin surface, causing a decrease in the amount of heat loss. M A decrease in the blood flow to the skin surface, causing a decrease in the amount of heat loss.