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2. From the flownet in the figure, estimate (a) the flow rate beneath the dam (b) the maximum exit gradient. (c) the water pressure at the tip of each cut-off wall (d) the uplift force on the base of the structure

2. From the flownet in the figure, estimate (a) the flow rate beneath the dam (b) the maximum exit gradient. (c) the water pressure at the tip of each cut-off wall (d) the uplift force on the base of the structure

Structural Analysis
Structural Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN:9781337630931
Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.
Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.
Chapter2: Loads On Structures
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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### Flow Net Analysis for Hydraulic Engineering 2. From the flownet in the figure, estimate: (a) **The flow rate beneath the dam** (b) **The maximum exit gradient** (c) **The water pressure at the tip of each cut-off wall** (d) **The uplift force on the base of the structure** **Answers:** - (a) \( Q = 3.47 \times 10^{-8} \, \text{m}^3/\text{s/m} \) - (b) \( i_e = 0.35 \) - (c) \( p_L = 107.6 \, \text{kPa}, \, p_R = 92.9 \, \text{kPa} \) - (d) \( U \approx 670 \, \text{kN/m} \) #### Diagram Explanation The accompanying diagram is a flownet for a dam structure. It represents the flow of water beneath a dam, visualized by a set of equipotential lines and streamlines. - **Dimensions:** - The diagram uses a scale where the dimensions are marked in meters. - The permeability coefficient (\( k \)) is \( 10^{-8} \, \text{m/s} \). - **Key Features:** - **Streamlines**: Curved lines representing paths followed by water particles in the flow. - **Equipotential Lines**: Lines perpendicular to streamlines, indicating points of equal hydraulic head. - **Flow Conditions:** - The total head is indicated at a value of 10 meters. - The cut-off walls are depicted at strategic points to control seepage and impact pressures. - The diagram shows a change in direction where water infiltrates below the structure and appears to exit downstream. This diagram and analysis are crucial for understanding the seepage patterns and ensuring the structural integrity against uplift pressures and seepage forces.
Transcribed Image Text:### Flow Net Analysis for Hydraulic Engineering 2. From the flownet in the figure, estimate: (a) **The flow rate beneath the dam** (b) **The maximum exit gradient** (c) **The water pressure at the tip of each cut-off wall** (d) **The uplift force on the base of the structure** **Answers:** - (a) \( Q = 3.47 \times 10^{-8} \, \text{m}^3/\text{s/m} \) - (b) \( i_e = 0.35 \) - (c) \( p_L = 107.6 \, \text{kPa}, \, p_R = 92.9 \, \text{kPa} \) - (d) \( U \approx 670 \, \text{kN/m} \) #### Diagram Explanation The accompanying diagram is a flownet for a dam structure. It represents the flow of water beneath a dam, visualized by a set of equipotential lines and streamlines. - **Dimensions:** - The diagram uses a scale where the dimensions are marked in meters. - The permeability coefficient (\( k \)) is \( 10^{-8} \, \text{m/s} \). - **Key Features:** - **Streamlines**: Curved lines representing paths followed by water particles in the flow. - **Equipotential Lines**: Lines perpendicular to streamlines, indicating points of equal hydraulic head. - **Flow Conditions:** - The total head is indicated at a value of 10 meters. - The cut-off walls are depicted at strategic points to control seepage and impact pressures. - The diagram shows a change in direction where water infiltrates below the structure and appears to exit downstream. This diagram and analysis are crucial for understanding the seepage patterns and ensuring the structural integrity against uplift pressures and seepage forces.
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