18. Suppose you are building a new house. While installing the hot water pipe to the shower, you can't find your tape measure. To measure the pipe, you close the bottom with your finger and blow across the top. You hear a loud resonance with frequency f = 282.1 hz (cycles/second). Since sound is a longitudinal wave, there must be a node at the closed bottom and an antinode at the top. Calculate the length of the pipe. The velocity of sound in the air is 340.0 m/s.

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Stretched string

A stretched string is a wire which is made up of any metal that must have a larger length compared to its thickness. The ends of the wire are fixed, and when they oscillate or are plucked, it produces two reflected transverse waves of the same frequency and same amplitude. The waves or pulses are traveling in alternate directions and superimpose with one another. This waveform is named standing or stationary waves.