17. A fruit fly that has a short life span, produces many offspring, and spends little energy raising their young can be classified into which reproductive strategy? A. r-strategist B. a carrying-capacity strategist C. k-strategist D. a logistic strategist

Figure 19.6 If the major food source of seals declines due to pollution or overfishing, which of the following would likely occur? a. The carrying capacity of seals would decrease, as would the seal population. b. The carrying capacity of seals would decrease, but the seal population would remain the same. c. The number of seal deaths would increase, but the number of births would also increase, so the population size would remain the same. d. The carrying capacity of seals would remain the same, but the population of seals would decrease.

A feeding relationship that proceeds from algae to a fish, then to a fisherman, and then to a shark is _____. a. a food chain b. a food web c. a and b

A forest fire is an example of ________ regulation. a. density-dependent b. density-independent c. r-selected d. K-selected

Lizards that eat flies they capture on the ground and birds that eat flies they catch in the air are engaged in _______ competition. a. exploitative b. interference

Figure 1.15 Example of error bars in a graph. This graph was adapted from the peacock butterfly research described in Section 1.5. The researchers recorded the number of times each butterfly flicked its wings in response to an attack by a bird. The squares represent average frequency of wing flicking for each sample set of butterflies. The error bars that extend above and below the dots indicate the range of valuesthe sampling error. Figure It Out: What was the fastest rate at which a butterfly with no spots or sound flicked its wings?

The type of place where a species typically lives is called its _______. a. niche c. community b. habitat d. population

Which of the following is not a way that humans have increased the carrying capacity of the environment? a. agriculture b. using large amounts of natural resources c. domestication of animals d. use of language

Discuss Concepts Many city-dwellers have noted that the density of cockroaches in apartment kitchens appears to vary with the habits of the occupants: people who wrap food carefully and clean their kitchen frequently tend to have fewer arthropod roommates than those who leave food on kitchen counters and clean less often. Interpret these observations from the viewpoint of a population ecologist.

A forest fire is an example of regulation. density-dependent density-independent r-selected K-selected