150 patients with Crohn’s disease are given an experimental treatment in which they all drink “cocktails” containing thousands of pinworm eggs. Within one week, 72% of the patients report a reduction in their abdominal pain. Fill in the following table. Is there a control
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150 patients with Crohn’s disease are given an experimental treatment in which they all drink “cocktails” containing thousands of pinworm eggs. Within one week, 72% of the patients report a reduction in their abdominal pain.
Fill in the following table.
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Is there a control treatment (and, if so, what is it)? |
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Is there any accounting for individual variation? |
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Is there repetition in the experiment? |
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What, if any, confounding variables are not addressed in the experiment? |
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Can we say with some confidence that ingesting pinworm eggs is an effective treatment for the symptoms of Crohn’s disease?
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- What is the independent variable? What is the dependent variable? Suggest a control for this experiment?The confidence interval is reported as follows: Lower 95% CI < p < Upper 95% CI For this question you will be calculating the confidence interval but only reporting the Upper 95% CI using the Agresti-Coull Method. ( (you'll need to know the whole 95% CI for a future question) Do NOT use calculations from previous questions, this is a new scenario. In the Invisible Gorilla Experiment, 24 students were watching the video, only 7 noticed the gorilla. Calculate the 95% CI using the Agresti-Coull method, but only report the Upper 95% CI. Report your answer to 3 decimals.1) What does these results mean as shown in the three graphs and t-tests? 2) Can you explain why these three graphs and t-tests ended up with these results? 2) How could someone improve on this study using the graphs and t-tests? If other scientists did this study is there something to recommend to them? 3) What variables were not considered in the graphs and t-tests that should be?
- What is the primary reason for randomizing group allocation in a randomized controlled trial (RCT)? Question 3 options: to create treatment and control groups of equal size to blind participants to their group allocation to evenly distribute known and unknown factors that may affect the outcome between groups to increase the treatment effect between intervention and control groupsYou are asked to draw and explain the goal of the Meselson-Stahl (1958) Experiment as outlined in the classroom. You need to draw your own diagram and use short sentences to explain the steps and/or important points, deductions. Clearly state what happens at each step.Oxycontin is a drug used to treat pain, but it is well known for its addictiveness and danger. In a clinical trial, among randomly selected subjects treated with OxyContin, 52 developed nausea and 175 did not develop nausea. Among other randomly selected subjects given placebos, 5 developed nausea and 40 did not develop nausea. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the proportion of nausea is different for those on OxyContin than for those who are on placebo. Use the critical value method. Include a diagram of the distribution indicating important components of the question.
- What is the independent and dependent variables? Also what are the controlled variables and the controls in this experiment?The mean weight of loaves of bread produced at the bakery where you work is supposed to be 1 pound. You are the supervisor of quality control at the bakery, and you are concerned that new employees are producing loaves that are too light. Suppose you weigh an SRS of bread loaves and find that the mean weight is 0.975 pound. What are the appropriate hypotheses for performing this significance test? Ho : x = 1; H. : x < 1 where i = the sample mean weight (in pounds) of bread loaves produced at the bakery. Ho : u = 1; H. : µ < 1 where u = the true mean weight (in pounds) of bread loaves produced at the bakery. Ho : µ < 1; H, : H = 1 where u = the true mean weight (in pounds) of bread loaves produced at the bakery. Ho : u = 1; H. : p = 0.975 where u= the true mean weight (in pounds) of bread loaves produced at the bakery. Ho : u = 1; H. : u # 1 where u= the true mean weight (in pounds) of bread loaves produced at the bakery.The α level in the context of reporting findings from a randomized controlled trial corresponds to the probability of concluding: Correctly that the treatment and control groups differ with respect to risk of outcome. That the treatment and control groups differ with respect to outcome when in fact they do not. Correctly that the treatment and control groups do not differ with respect to outcome. That the treatment and control groups do not differ with respect to outcome when in fact they do. That you don’t have sufficient information to present results.
- a) Does the data support your hypothesis? b) How could you improve this experiment? Consider the other factors you could have / should have controlled in this experiment.Dr. Vanier’s daughter Lexy thinks that the snacking habit alone does not cause weight loss. She believes that one needs to combine no snacking with the elimination of carbohydrates in their meals. Please explain how Dr. Vanier may test this hypothesis by describing the research design. Specify the independent variable(s), dependent variable(s), and the name of the design. Finally, describe what she needs to find (i.e., what type of effect and what it looks like) in the experiment to support her hypothesis. ( name the IV(s); 1name the DV(s); name the design; then explain the effect that will support the hypothesis)Salt Concentration (%) Transmittance (%) 0 77.23 3 79.23 6 80.39 9 82.71 12 85.66 15 87.55 What is the dependent variable and the independent variable? what patterns do you observe based on the information in the table?