14. The number of hours of daylight varies throughout the course of a year. In the Northern Hemisphere, the longest day is June 21, and the shortest is December 21. The average length of daylight is 12 h, and the variation from this average depends on the latitude. The graph below shows the number of hours of daylight at different times of the year for various latitudes. 20 18 16 14 12 Hours 10 60° N 8 50° N 40° N 30° N 4 20° N Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. In Philadelphia (40°N latitude), the longest day of the year has 14 h 50 min of daylight, and the shortest day has 9 h 10 min of daylight. a. Find a function L that models the length of daylight as a function of t, the number of days from January 1. b. An astronomer needs at least 11 hours of darkness for a long exposure astronomical photograph. On what days of the year are such long exposures possible? 6

Statistics is the study of data collection, organization, analysis, interpretation, and presentation. Statistical bias is a characteristic of a statistical technique or its findings in which the expected value deviates from the actual root quantitative p…