13. Observe the diagrams below. Which sugar(s) is(are) epimers of xylose? Specify the carbon that is involved. D-Aldoses Five carbons CHO CHO H- -OH OH H HICIOH HOIC-H HIC-OH HOIC-H он——н HOH 匯道盖盖盖重 HIC-OH HIC-OH HO-C-H HO -H HOH он———н HIC-OH H-C-OH HIC-OH HICIOH H -он OH- H CH₂OH CH₂OH CH₂OH CH₂OH CH₂OH CH₂OH D-Ribose D-Arabinose D-Xylose D-Lyxose D-glucose L-glucose 2013 Freeman and Compa 14. Observe the structures below and determine: a. Which is an epimer of glucose: galactose or fructose? b. Which is a ketose of glucose? H =0 H-C-OH HO-C-H HICIOH H-C-OH CH₂OH D-Glucose H-C-OH HO-C-H HO-C-H HIC-OH CH₂OH D-Galactose CH₂OH C=0 HO-C-H H___C_OH H-C-OH CH₂OH D-Fructose

18

Please answer both simple

D-Glucose and D-Galactose are A H D C=0 H-C-OH OH C-H H-C-OH H_C-OH CH₂OH D-Glucose ketoses epimers pentoses enantiomers H ... н-с-он OH-C-H он-с-н H-OH CH₂OH D-Galactose

Considering the monosaccharide transformation given below, what is the name of the depicted reaction? но. OH OH OPN v OH OH Amination Anomeric dehydration Reduction C1 oxidation C6 oxidation

1.Circle and identify allfunction groups found in a sugar called “aldose” depicted below. Do NOT use the internet but you may use your notes to answer this question.

Which of the structures above is a component of sucrose and predominantly forms a furanose ring structure? A. H C I H-C-OH НО-С-Н I Н-С-ОН I H-C-OH I CH2OH A В D B. H =O но-с-н I но-с-н I н-с-он Н-С-ОН I CH₂OH CH2OH I c=0 I но-с-н I H— C -ОН H— C-OH CH₂OH D. COOH H-C-OH НО-С-Н I но-с-н I н-с-он CH₂OH

Fill in ..... (1) the complete systematic names for sugars A, B and C (remember to you pyranosyl or furanosyl because these are not the terminal sugar). (2) The appropriate descriptor of the glycosidic bonds where appropriate/necessary. (3) Draw the missing sugars as indicated onto the given diagram. HO OH GED A HO OH a-L-psicofuranose (1➜6)- (1➜4)- a-D-idopyranose HO OH B OH OH OH OH SUGAR A SUGAR B SUGAR C

The following hexoses are....

Which of the following represents a pair of epimers? A с OH OH -OH OH НО-С-Н НО-С-Н OH O C-H OH O C-H H-C-OH НО-С-Н H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH НО-С-Н H-C-OH НО-С-н CH.OH CH.OH В н 0 Н- C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH H-C-OH CH, OH D Н 20 НО -H но- -Н FO H+H H-C=O но-с-н H-C-OH CH,OH Н-С=0 но он H-C=0 HO-OH O= н-н H-C=O