12. Consider a duopoly market. Two firms are selling identical products and all costs are assumed to be zero for simplicity. Market demand schedule is given in the following table. Note that firms always choose an integer value for the quantity of production. Quantity Price Total Profit 3 $12 4 11 5 8 6 6. 7 4 8 2 1 10 a. Fill in the column of total profit.

3. The components of marginal revenue Alex's Fire Engines is the sole seller of fire engines in the fictional country of Pyrotania. Initially, Alex produced eight fire engines, but he has decided to increase production to nine fire engines. The following graph shows the demand curve Alex faces. As you can see, to sell the additional engine, Alex must lower his price from $80,000 to $40,000 per fire engine. Note that while Alex gains revenue from the additional engine he sells, he also loses revenue from the initial eight engines because he sells them all at the lower price. Use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing the revenue lost from the initial eight engines by selling at $40,000 rather than $80,000. Then use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing the revenue gained from selling an additional engine at $40,000. dollars per fire engine) PRICE (Thousands Alex 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 + 1 True + False 2 + 4…

Please see the images of the article below and help answer questions. 3. Interpret this statement: "[Economists] see individuals and businesses as interchangeable atoms, not as unique creators.  Their theories describe an equilibrium state of perfect competition because that is what's easy to model, not because it represents the best of business." Is the statement correct?  Do economists have theories of monopoly and oligopoly as well?  Does economic theory contend that for every product, the market for the product should be perfectly competitive?  Does economic theory recommend that under certain conditions, products or production processes should be patented?

3. The components of marginal revenue Bob's Fire Engines is the sole seller of fire engines in the fictional country of Pyrotania. Initially, Bob produced five fire engines, but he has decided to increase production to six fire engines. The following graph shows the demand curve Bob faces. As you can see, to sell the additional engine, Bob must lower his price from $160,000 to $120,000 per fire engine. Note that while Bob gains revenue from the additional engine he sells, he also loses revenue from the initial five engines because he sells them all at the lower price. Use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing the revenue lost from the initial five engines by selling at $120,000 rather than $160,000. Then use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing the revenue gained from selling an additional engine at $120,000. PRICE (Thousands of dollars per fire engine) 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 + 0 1 2 Bob in this scenario.…