100 90 Mon Comp Outcome 80 70 60 Min Unit Cost 50 ATC 40 30 20 10 MC MR Demand 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 QUANTITY (Thousands of shirts) Because this market is a monopolistically competitive market, you can tell that it is in long-run equilibrium by the fact that P= ATC at the optimal quantity for each firm. Furthermore, a monopolistically competitive firm's average total cost in long-run equilibrium is equal to the minimum average total cost. True or False: This indicates that there is a markup on marginal cost in the market for shirts. True False Monopolistic competition may also be socially inefficient because there are too many or too few firms in the market. The presence of the product variety externality implies that there is too little entry of new firms in the market. PRICE (Dollars per shirt)

What are the characteristics of monopolistically competitive markets? If the price of the product in a monopolistically competitive market increases what happens to the number of individual firms in the market and to the level of profit in the long run? Fully explain your answer.

Suppose the tattoo shop market in Richmond is monopolistically competitive. Consider the market from the perspective of one tattoo parlor, Roses & Thorns. Suppose there were positive economic profits in the market and an additional two tattoo parlors enter the market. What happens to the demand curve for Roses & Thorns tattoos shifts up shifts down stays the same

Suppose that a company operates in the monopolistically competitive market for denim jackets. The following graph shows the demand curve, marginal revenue (MR) curve, marginal cost (MC) curve, and average total cost (ATC) curve for the firm. Place a black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the long-run monopolistically competitive equilibrium price and quantity for this firm. Next, place a grey point (star symbol) to indicate the minimum average total cost the firm faces and the quantity associated with that cost. ? 100 PRICE (Dollars per jacket) 8 20 60 50 X ATC 20 MC MR 2 2 2 2 10 0 0 30 40 50 60 70 QUANTITY (Thousands of jackets) 10 20 80 Demand 90 100 Mon Comp Outcome Min Unit Cost

Suppose that a firm produces wooden train engines in a monopolistically competitive market. The following graph shows its demand curve, marginal revenue (MR) curve, marginal cost (MC) curve, and average total cost (ATC) curve: Place a black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the long-run monopolistically competitive equilibrium price and quantity for this firm, Next, place a grey point (star symbol) to indicate the minimum average total cost the firm faces and the quantity associated with that cost.

BYOB is a monopolist in beer production and distribution in the imaginary economy of Hopsville. Suppose that BYOB cannot price discriminate; that is, it sells its beer at the same price per can to all customers. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and demand (D) for beer in this market. Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the profit-maximizing price and quantity for BYOB. If BYOB is making a profit, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade in the area representing its profit. On the other hand, if BYOB is suffering a loss, use the purple rectangle (diamond symbols) to shade in the area representing its loss. PRICE (Dollars per can) 4.00 3.50 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 0 MC 0 0.5 1.5 ATC MR D 1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 QUANTITY (Thousands of cans of beer) 3.5 4.0 Monopoly Outcome Profit Loss

Place the black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the short-run profit-maximizing price and quantity for this monopolistically competitive company. Then, use the green rectangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing the company's profit or loss. Note: Dashed drop lines will automatically extend to both axes. Select and drag the rectangles from the palette to the graph. To resize, select one of the points on the rectangle and move to the desired position. PRICE (Dollars per bike) 500 450 400 350 PRICE (Dollars per bike) 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 MC + 50 100 AC MR 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 QUANTITY (Bikes) Demand Enjano Given the profit-maximizing choice of output and price, the shop is earning shops in the industry than in long-run equilibrium. + Monopolistically Competitive Outcome Now consider the long run in which bike manufacturers are free to enter and exit the market. QUANTITY (Bikes) Show the possible effect of free entry and exit by shifting the…

Suppose that a company operates in the monopolistically competitive market for denim jackets. The following graph shows the demand curve, marginal revenue (MR) curve, marginal cost (MC) curve, and average total cost (ATC) curve for the firm. Place a black point (plus symbol) on the graph to indicate the long-run monopolistically competitive equilibrium price and quantity for this firm. Next, place a grey point (star symbol) to indicate the minimum average total cost the firm faces and the quantity associated with that cost. PRICE (Dollars per jacket) 100 90 80 50 ATC 30 2 8 8 2 2 2 2 ° 60 MC MR Demand 0 + 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 QUANTITY (Thousands of jackets) Mon Comp Outcome Min Unit Cost (?)

Monopolistic competition creates inefficiency because of the markups and excess capacity. The graph below depicts the situation for a hypothetical monopolistically competitive firm. The curves included in the graph are demand (D), marginal revenue (MR), average total cost (ATC), and marginal cost (MC). The graph is not graded, but you can move the point labeled P to help you find the numeric values to answer the questions. Price $ 80 MC M 45 P D ATC Quantity What is the size of the markup on the price? Number $0 What is the size of the excess capacity? Number Units

Suppose you manage a firm in a monopolistically competitive market Suppose you manage a firm in a monopolistically competitive market. Which of the following strategies will do a better job of helping you maintain economic profits: obtaining a celebrity endorsement for your product or supporting the entry of firms that will compete directly with your biggest rival? Explain your answer. Suppose you manage a firm in a monopolistically competitive market