Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
1.If 5.0 liters H2(g) at STP is heated to a temperature of 985K, pressure remaining constant, the new volume of the gas will be?
2.A gas sample has a volume of 30.0 milliliters at a pressure of 1.0 atmosphere. If the volume decreases to 2.0 milliliters and the temperature remain constant, the new pressure will be?
3.If 22.5 L of nitrogen at 748.3 mm Hg is changed to a pressure of 1294.6 mm Hg at constant temperature. What is the new volume?
4.The volume of 50.0 milliliters of an ideal gas at STP decreases to 2.94 milliliters. If the pressure remains constant, the new temperature must be
5.A gas has a volume of 140 milliliters at a temperature of 20K and a pressure of 19 mm Hg. What will be the volume when the temperature is changed to 40 K and the pressure is changed to 380 mm Hg?
6.A 12.8-millilter sample of a gas is at 546K and has a pressure of 5.9atmospheres. If the temperature is changed to 274.8K and the pressure to 2.0 atmospheres, the new volume of the gas will be
7.A 3.00 liter sample of gas is at 17K and 1.0 atm. If the pressure of the gas is increased to 2.0 atm and its volume is decreased to 1.50 liters, the kelvin temperature of the sample will be
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