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1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 ScPfk 0.6 0.6 ScPfk 0.4 0.4 YIPfk 0.2 0.2 2 4 6 8 P-enolpyruvate (mM) 10 23 20 50 100 10 15 Fructose-2,6-P2 (µM) Relative activity (v V-1) Relative activity (v V-1)

1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 ScPfk 0.6 0.6 ScPfk 0.4 0.4 YIPfk 0.2 0.2 2 4 6 8 P-enolpyruvate (mM) 10 23 20 50 100 10 15 Fructose-2,6-P2 (µM) Relative activity (v V-1) Relative activity (v V-1)

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Yarrowia lipolytica(Yl) is a non-conventional yeast that diverged from baker’s yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae(Sc), early in evolutionary history. The regulation of glycolytic enzymes in Yl differs from that of Sc. The figures below show how PFK activity is affected by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate. Based on these data, which molecule is the major regulator of PFK activity in each species?

 

 

### Enzyme Activity: Effect of Fructose-2,6-P2 and P-enolpyruvate #### Graph 1: Effect of Fructose-2,6-P2 on Enzyme Activity The graph on the left illustrates the relationship between relative enzyme activity (v/V-1) and concentrations of Fructose-2,6-P2 (µM). It compares two different enzymes: YlPfk (represented by closed circles) and ScPfk (represented by open circles). - **X-axis (horizontal)**: Fructose-2,6-P₂ concentration in micromolars (µM) - **Y-axis (vertical)**: Relative activity of the enzyme (v/V-1) **Key Observations**: 1. **YlPfk** shows a consistent relative activity near 1.0 across all concentrations of Fructose-2,6-P₂. 2. **ScPfk**, on the other hand, demonstrates increasing relative activity as Fructose-2,6-P₂ concentration increases, plateauing around a relative activity of 1.0 at approximately 50 µM. #### Graph 2: Effect of P-enolpyruvate on Enzyme Activity The graph on the right shows the effect of varying concentrations of P-enolpyruvate (mM) on the relative activity (v/V-1) of two different enzymes: YlPfk (represented by closed circles) and ScPfk (represented by open circles). - **X-axis (horizontal)**: P-enolpyruvate concentration in millimolars (mM) - **Y-axis (vertical)**: Relative activity of the enzyme (v/V-1) **Key Observations**: 1. **ScPfk** exhibits a gradual decline in relative activity as P-enolpyruvate concentration increases, dropping from 1.0 to about 0.2 as the concentration approaches 10 mM. 2. **YlPfk** shows a steep decline in relative activity at low concentrations, with activity near 0.1 at around 1-2 mM and staying low as the concentration increases. ### Conclusion These graphs collectively reveal that: - **YlPfk** maintains high activity regardless of Fructose-2,6-P₂ levels but is highly sensitive to low levels of P-enolpyruvate. - **ScPfk
Transcribed Image Text:### Enzyme Activity: Effect of Fructose-2,6-P2 and P-enolpyruvate #### Graph 1: Effect of Fructose-2,6-P2 on Enzyme Activity The graph on the left illustrates the relationship between relative enzyme activity (v/V-1) and concentrations of Fructose-2,6-P2 (µM). It compares two different enzymes: YlPfk (represented by closed circles) and ScPfk (represented by open circles). - **X-axis (horizontal)**: Fructose-2,6-P₂ concentration in micromolars (µM) - **Y-axis (vertical)**: Relative activity of the enzyme (v/V-1) **Key Observations**: 1. **YlPfk** shows a consistent relative activity near 1.0 across all concentrations of Fructose-2,6-P₂. 2. **ScPfk**, on the other hand, demonstrates increasing relative activity as Fructose-2,6-P₂ concentration increases, plateauing around a relative activity of 1.0 at approximately 50 µM. #### Graph 2: Effect of P-enolpyruvate on Enzyme Activity The graph on the right shows the effect of varying concentrations of P-enolpyruvate (mM) on the relative activity (v/V-1) of two different enzymes: YlPfk (represented by closed circles) and ScPfk (represented by open circles). - **X-axis (horizontal)**: P-enolpyruvate concentration in millimolars (mM) - **Y-axis (vertical)**: Relative activity of the enzyme (v/V-1) **Key Observations**: 1. **ScPfk** exhibits a gradual decline in relative activity as P-enolpyruvate concentration increases, dropping from 1.0 to about 0.2 as the concentration approaches 10 mM. 2. **YlPfk** shows a steep decline in relative activity at low concentrations, with activity near 0.1 at around 1-2 mM and staying low as the concentration increases. ### Conclusion These graphs collectively reveal that: - **YlPfk** maintains high activity regardless of Fructose-2,6-P₂ levels but is highly sensitive to low levels of P-enolpyruvate. - **ScPfk
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