Problem 2.1QP: Describe atomic theory and discuss how it explains the great variety of different substances. How... Problem 2.2QP: Two compounds of iron and chlorine, A and B, contain 1.270 g and 1.904 g of chlorine, respectively,... Problem 2.3QP: Explain the operation of a cathode-ray tube. Describe the deflection of cathode rays by electrically... Problem 2.4QP Problem 2.5QP Problem 2.6QP: What are the different kinds of particles in the atoms nucleus? Compare their properties with each... Problem 2.7QP: Describe how protons and neutrons were discovered to be constituents of nuclei. Problem 2.8QP: Oxygen consists of three different _____, each having eight protons but different numbers of... Problem 2.9QP: Describe how Dalton obtained relative atomic weights. Problem 2.10QP: Briefly explain how a mass spectrometer works. What kinds of information does one obtain from the... Problem 2.11QP: Define the term atomic weight. Why might the values of atomic weights on a planet elsewhere in the... Problem 2.12QP: What is the name of the element in Group 4A and Period 5? Problem 2.13QP Problem 2.14QP Problem 2.15QP Problem 2.16QP: What is the fundamental difference between an organic substance and an inorganic substance? Write... Problem 2.17QP Problem 2.18QP: Which of the following models represent a(n): a element b compound c mixture d ionic solid e gas... Problem 2.19QP Problem 2.20QP Problem 2.21QP: How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in 119Sn2+? a 50 p, 69 n, 48 e b 50 p, 69 n, 50 e c... Problem 2.22QP: The atomic weight of Ga is 69.72 amu. There are only two naturally occurring isotopes of gallium:... Problem 2.23QP Problem 2.24QP: A chunk of an unidentified element (lets call it element X) is reacted with sulfur to form an ionic... Problem 2.25QP: Average Atomic Weight Part 1: Consider the four identical spheres below, each with a mass of 2.00 g.... Problem 2.26QP: Model of the Atom Consider the following depictions of two atoms, which have been greatly enlarged... Problem 2.27QP: One of the early models of the atom proposed that atoms were wispy balls of positive charge with the... Problem 2.28QP: A friend is trying to balance the following equation: N2+H2NH3 He presents you with his version of... Problem 2.29QP: Given that the periodic table is an organizational scheme for the elements, what might be some other... Problem 2.30QP Problem 2.31QP Problem 2.32QP: Match the molecular model with the correct chemical formula: CH3OH, NH3, KCl, H2O. Problem 2.33QP: Consider a hypothetical case in which the charge on a proton is twice that of an electron. Using... Problem 2.34QP Problem 2.35QP Problem 2.36QP: You perform a chemical reaction using the hypothetical elements A and B. These elements are... Problem 2.37QP Problem 2.38QP Problem 2.39QP Problem 2.40QP Problem 2.41QP: A student has determined the mass-to-charge ratio for an electron to be 5.64 1012 kg/C. In another... Problem 2.42QP: The mass-to-charge ratio for the positive ion F+ is 1.97 107 kg/C. Using the value of 1.602 1019 C... Problem 2.43QP: The following table gives the number of protons and neutrons in the nuclei of various atoms. Which... Problem 2.44QP: The following table gives the number of protons and neutrons in the nuclei of various atoms. Which... Problem 2.45QP: Naturally occurring chlorine is a mixture of the isotopes Cl-35 and Cl-37. How many protons and how... Problem 2.46QP: Naturally occurring nitrogen is a mixture of 14N and 15N. Give the number of protons, neutrons, and... Problem 2.47QP: What is the nuclide symbol for the nucleus that contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons? Problem 2.48QP: An atom contains 34 protons and 45 neutrons. What is the nuclide symbol for the nucleus? Problem 2.49QP: Ammonia is a gas with a characteristic pungent odor. It is sold as a water solution for use in... Problem 2.50QP: Hydrogen sulfide is a gas with the odor of rotten eggs. The gas can sometimes be detected in... Problem 2.51QP: Calculate the atomic weight of an element with two naturally occurring isotopes, from the following... Problem 2.52QP: An element has two naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and abundances: Isotopic... Problem 2.53QP: An element has three naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and abundances: Isotopic... Problem 2.54QP: An element has three naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and abundances: Isotopic... Problem 2.55QP: While traveling to a distant universe, you discover the hypothetical element X. You obtain a... Problem 2.56QP: While roaming a parallel universe, you discover the hypothetical element Z. You obtain a... Problem 2.57QP: Identify the group and period for each of the following. Refer to the periodic table (Figure 2.15 or... Problem 2.58QP Problem 2.59QP Problem 2.60QP Problem 2.61QP Problem 2.62QP Problem 2.63QP: The normal form of the element sulfur is a brittle, yellow solid. This is a molecular substance, Sg.... Problem 2.64QP: White phosphorus is available in sticks, which have a waxy appearance. This is a molecular... Problem 2.65QP: A 4.19-g sample of nitrous oxide (an anesthetic, sometimes called laughing gas) contains 5.73 1022... Problem 2.66QP: Nitric acid is composed of HNO3 molecules. A sample weighing 4.50 g contains 4.30 1022 HNO3... Problem 2.67QP: A sample of ammonia, NH3, contains 1.2 1023 hydrogen atoms. How many NH3 molecules are in this... Problem 2.68QP: A sample of ethanol (ethyl alcohol), C2H3OH, contains 4.2 1023 hydrogen atoms. How many C2H3OH... Problem 2.69QP Problem 2.70QP: What molecular formula corresponds to each of the following structural formulas? Problem 2.71QP Problem 2.72QP Problem 2.73QP Problem 2.74QP: Ammonium phosphate, (NH4)3PO4, has how many oxygen atoms for each nitrogen atom? Problem 2.75QP Problem 2.76QP Problem 2.77QP: Name the following compounds. a Na2SO4 b Na3N c CuCl d Cr2O3 Problem 2.78QP: Name the following compounds. a CaO b Mn2O3 c NH4HCO3 d Cu(NO3)2 Problem 2.79QP Problem 2.80QP Problem 2.81QP Problem 2.82QP: For each of the following binary compounds, decide whether the compound is expected to be ionic or... Problem 2.83QP: Give systematic names to the following binary compounds. a HI b P2O5 c AsH3 d ClO2 Problem 2.84QP Problem 2.85QP Problem 2.86QP Problem 2.87QP Problem 2.88QP Problem 2.89QP Problem 2.90QP: Give the name and formula of the acid corresponding to each of the following oxoanions. a selenite... Problem 2.91QP Problem 2.92QP Problem 2.93QP Problem 2.94QP Problem 2.95QP: For the balanced chemical equation Ca(NO3)2 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + 2NaNO3, how many oxygen atoms are on... Problem 2.96QP: In the equation 2PbS + O2 2PbO + 2SO2, how many oxygen atoms are there on the right side? Is the... Problem 2.97QP: Balance the following equations. a Sn + NaOH Na2SnO2 + H2 b Al + Fe3O4 Al2O3 + Fe c CH3OH + O2 ... Problem 2.98QP: Balance the following equations. a Ca3(PO4)2 + H3PO4 Ca(H2PO4)2 b MnO2 + HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O c... Problem 2.99QP Problem 2.100QP: Solid sodium metal reacts with water, giving a solution of sodium hydroxide and releasing hydrogen... Problem 2.101QP Problem 2.102QP Problem 2.103QP: Two samples of different compounds of nitrogen and oxygen have the following compositions. Show that... Problem 2.104QP: Two samples of different compounds of sulfur and oxygen have the following compositions. Show that... Problem 2.105QP: In a series of oil-drop experiments, the charges measured on the oil drops were 4.80 1019 C, 6.40 ... Problem 2.106QP: In a hypothetical universe, an oil-drop experiment gave the following measurements of charges on oil... Problem 2.107QP: Compounds of europium. Eu, are used to make color television screens. The europium nucleus has a... Problem 2.108QP: Cesium, Cs, is used in photoelectric cells (electric eyes). The cesium nucleus has a charge of +55.... Problem 2.109QP Problem 2.110QP: One isotope of a metallic element has mass number 74 and has 51 neutrons in the nucleus. An atomic... Problem 2.111QP: Obtain the fractional abundances for the two naturally occurring isotopes of europium. The masses of... Problem 2.112QP: Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes, one of mass 106.91 amu and the other of mass 108.90... Problem 2.113QP Problem 2.114QP Problem 2.115QP Problem 2.116QP Problem 2.117QP Problem 2.118QP Problem 2.119QP: Name the following compounds. a Sn3(PO4)2 b NH4NO2 c Mg(OH)2 d NiSO3 Problem 2.120QP: Name the following compounds. a Cu(NO2)3 b (NH4)3P c K2SO3 d Hg3N2 Problem 2.121QP Problem 2.122QP Problem 2.123QP Problem 2.124QP: Name the following molecular compounds a ClF4 b CS2 c PF3 d SF6 Problem 2.125QP Problem 2.126QP: Balance the following equations. a NaOH + H2CO3 Na2CO3 + H2O b SiCl4 + H2O SiO2 + HCl c Ca3(PO4)2... Problem 2.127QP: A monatomic ion has a charge of +4. The nucleus of the ion has a mass number of 235. The number of... Problem 2.128QP: A monatomic ion has a charge of +1. The nucleus of the ion has a mass number of 85. The number of... Problem 2.129QP: Natural carbon, which has an atomic weight of 12.011 amu, consists of carbon-12 and carbon-13... Problem 2.130QP: A sample of natural chlorine, has an atomic weight of 35.4527 amu, consists of chlorine-35 and... Problem 2.131QP Problem 2.132QP Problem 2.133QP Problem 2.134QP Problem 2.135QP Problem 2.136QP: Ammonia gas reacts with molecular oxygen gas to form nitrogen monoxide gas and liquid water. Write... Problem 2.137QP: A hypothetical element X is found to have an atomic weight of 37.45 amu. Element X has only two... Problem 2.138QP: A monotomic ion has a charge of +3. The nucleus of the ion has a mass number of 27. The number of... Problem 2.139QP: A small crystal of CaCl2 that weighs 0.12 g contains 6.5 1020 formula units of CaCl2. What is the... Problem 2.140QP Problem 2.141QP Problem 2.142QP: The IO3, anion is called iodate. There are three related ions: IO, IO2, and IO4. Using what you have... Problem 2.143QP Problem 2.144QP: From the following written description, write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction... Problem 2.145QP Problem 2.146QP: Name the following compounds: a HCl(g) b HBr(aq) c HF(g) d HNO2(aq) Problem 2.147QP: During nuclear decay a 238U atom can break apart into a helium-4 atom and one other atom. Assuming... Problem 2.148QP Problem 2.149QP: There are 2.619 1022 atoms in 1.000 g of sodium. Assume that sodium atoms are spheres of radius... Problem 2.150QP: There are 1.699 1022 atoms in 1.000 g of chlorine. Assume that chlorine atoms are spheres of radius... Problem 2.151QP: A sample of green crystals of nickel(II) sulfate heptahydrate was heated carefully to produce the... Problem 2.152QP: Cobalt(II) sulfate heptahydrate has pink-colored crystals. When heated carefully, it produces... Problem 2.153QP: A sample of metallic element X, weighing 3.177 g, combines with 0.6015 L of O2 gas (at normal... Problem 2.154QP: A sample of metallic element X, weighing 4.315 g, combines with 0.4810 L of Cl2 gas (at normal... Problem 2.156QP Problem 2.158QP: The element europium exists in nature as two isotopes: 151Eu has a mass of 150.9196 amu, and 153Eu... format_list_bulleted
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