. What is a conjugate acid-base pair? How are the acid and base each identified and defined according to Bronsted-Lowry theory? Explain your ideas and provide at least one relevant example to support your answer (see Table 1, p. 6).

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18. What is a conjugate acid-base pair? How are the acid and base each identified and defined according
to Bronsted-Lowry theory? Explain your ideas and provide at least one relevant example to support your
answer (see Table 1, p. 6).
Transcribed Image Text:18. What is a conjugate acid-base pair? How are the acid and base each identified and defined according to Bronsted-Lowry theory? Explain your ideas and provide at least one relevant example to support your answer (see Table 1, p. 6).
Table 1: Selected acids and bases and their relative strengths.
Increasing acid strength
Acid
perchloric acid
sulfuric acid
hydrogen iodide
hydrogen bromide
hydrogen chloride
nitric acid
hydronium ion
hydrogen sulfate ion
phosphoric acid
hydrogen fluoride
nitrous acid
acetic acid
carbonic acid
hydrogen sulfide
ammonium ion
ammonia
hydrogen
methane
HCIO4
CIO
H₂SO4 Undergo Do not HSO
HI
complete
undergo r
acid
HBr
base
ionization
HCI
in water
HNO3
H₂O+
HSO
H₂PO4
HF
HNO₂
CH,CO,H
H₂CO3
H₂S
NHA
HCN
hydrogen cyanide
hydrogen carbonate ion HCO₂
water
hydrogen sulfide ion
ethanol
H₂O
HS™
C₂H5OH
NH3
H₂
CH4
ionization
in water
Do not
undergo
acid
ionization
in water
perchlorate ion
hydrogen sulfate ion
iodide ion
bromide ion
chloride ion
nitrate ion
water
sulfate ion
dihydrogen phosphate ion
fluoride ion
ΝΟΣ
nitrite ion
CH₂CO₂ acetate ion
HCO3
HS™
Br
CI™
NO
H₂O
So, 2-
H₂PO
F
NH3
CN™
co3²-
OH™
S²-
Undergo
complete
base NH₂
ionization
H™
in water
C₂H5O
Base
CH₂
hydrogen carbonate ion
hydrogen sulfide ion
ammonia
cyanide ion
carbonate ion
hydroxide ion
sulfide ion
ethoxide ion
amide ion
hydride ion
methide ion
Increasing base strength
Transcribed Image Text:Table 1: Selected acids and bases and their relative strengths. Increasing acid strength Acid perchloric acid sulfuric acid hydrogen iodide hydrogen bromide hydrogen chloride nitric acid hydronium ion hydrogen sulfate ion phosphoric acid hydrogen fluoride nitrous acid acetic acid carbonic acid hydrogen sulfide ammonium ion ammonia hydrogen methane HCIO4 CIO H₂SO4 Undergo Do not HSO HI complete undergo r acid HBr base ionization HCI in water HNO3 H₂O+ HSO H₂PO4 HF HNO₂ CH,CO,H H₂CO3 H₂S NHA HCN hydrogen cyanide hydrogen carbonate ion HCO₂ water hydrogen sulfide ion ethanol H₂O HS™ C₂H5OH NH3 H₂ CH4 ionization in water Do not undergo acid ionization in water perchlorate ion hydrogen sulfate ion iodide ion bromide ion chloride ion nitrate ion water sulfate ion dihydrogen phosphate ion fluoride ion ΝΟΣ nitrite ion CH₂CO₂ acetate ion HCO3 HS™ Br CI™ NO H₂O So, 2- H₂PO F NH3 CN™ co3²- OH™ S²- Undergo complete base NH₂ ionization H™ in water C₂H5O Base CH₂ hydrogen carbonate ion hydrogen sulfide ion ammonia cyanide ion carbonate ion hydroxide ion sulfide ion ethoxide ion amide ion hydride ion methide ion Increasing base strength
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