. Now assume that the data are from a repeated- measures study using the same sample of n = 7 participants in both treatment conditions. Compute the variance for the sample of difference scores, the estimated standard error for the mean differ- ence, and the repeated-measures t statistic. Using .05, is there a significant difference between the two sets of scores? =

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#20 part b only- show full work for psych stats
### Exercise and Psychological Well-being

Exercise is known to produce positive psychological effects. Interestingly, not all exercise is equally effective. Research indicates that exercising in a natural environment (e.g., jogging in the woods) produces better psychological outcomes than exercising in urban environments or in homes (Mackay & Neill, 2010). 

A sports psychologist is interested in testing whether there is a difference between exercise in nature and exercise in the lab concerning post-exercise anxiety levels. The researcher recruits \( n = 7 \) participants who exercise in the lab and on a nature trail. The following data represent the anxiety scores measured after each exercise session.
Transcribed Image Text:### Exercise and Psychological Well-being Exercise is known to produce positive psychological effects. Interestingly, not all exercise is equally effective. Research indicates that exercising in a natural environment (e.g., jogging in the woods) produces better psychological outcomes than exercising in urban environments or in homes (Mackay & Neill, 2010). A sports psychologist is interested in testing whether there is a difference between exercise in nature and exercise in the lab concerning post-exercise anxiety levels. The researcher recruits \( n = 7 \) participants who exercise in the lab and on a nature trail. The following data represent the anxiety scores measured after each exercise session.
### Table of Anxiety Scores for Participants

| Participant | Anxiety after Exercising in Lab | Anxiety after Exercising in Nature |
|-------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------|
| A           | 32                              | 8                                |
| B           | 66                              | 68                               |
| C           | 52                              | 48                               |
| D           | 48                              | 37                               |
| E           | 52                              | 44                               |
| F           | 48                              | 38                               |
| G           | 52                              | 44                               |

### Statistical Questions

a. **Independent-Measures Study Analysis**  
Treat the data as if the scores are from an independent-measures study using two separate samples, each with \( n = 7 \) participants. Compute the pooled variance, the estimated standard error for the mean difference, and the independent-measures t statistic. Using \( \alpha = .05 \), is there a significant difference between the two sets of scores?

b. **Repeated-Measures Study Analysis**  
Assume the data are from a repeated-measures study using the same sample of \( n = 7 \) participants in both treatment conditions. Compute the variance for the sample of difference scores, the estimated standard error for the mean difference, and the repeated-measures t statistic. Using \( \alpha = .05 \), is there a significant difference between the two sets of scores?
Transcribed Image Text:### Table of Anxiety Scores for Participants | Participant | Anxiety after Exercising in Lab | Anxiety after Exercising in Nature | |-------------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------| | A | 32 | 8 | | B | 66 | 68 | | C | 52 | 48 | | D | 48 | 37 | | E | 52 | 44 | | F | 48 | 38 | | G | 52 | 44 | ### Statistical Questions a. **Independent-Measures Study Analysis** Treat the data as if the scores are from an independent-measures study using two separate samples, each with \( n = 7 \) participants. Compute the pooled variance, the estimated standard error for the mean difference, and the independent-measures t statistic. Using \( \alpha = .05 \), is there a significant difference between the two sets of scores? b. **Repeated-Measures Study Analysis** Assume the data are from a repeated-measures study using the same sample of \( n = 7 \) participants in both treatment conditions. Compute the variance for the sample of difference scores, the estimated standard error for the mean difference, and the repeated-measures t statistic. Using \( \alpha = .05 \), is there a significant difference between the two sets of scores?
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