. In a coevolutionary arms race ____________.   Question 6 options:   A)  selection favors equilibrium.   B)  each adaptation by one species negates selection on the other.   C)  each adaptation by one species leads to a new adaptation in the other.   D)  selection is stronger on the predator.

In the event that a researcher was carrying out ethnographic research in a setting like a hospital waiting room: a) What are some questions that they may address while observing? b) What are pertinent findings (or patterns, observations, or trends) that may be identified? c) What limitations or challenges might there be? And what may have changed if they were to do the observations again at another time?

Which of the following is an associative behavior in which two organisms have no effect on one another?   Question 3 options:   Amensalism   Neutralism   Commensalism   Parasitism The breeding of an organism for a specific trait is called:   Question 10 options:   Artificial Selection   Behavioral Adaptation   Structural Adaptation   Evolution

We often observe the evolutionary loss of “useless” organs, such as the eyes in many cave-dwelling animals. a) Provide two different hypotheses to explain this loss: an adaptive and a nonadaptive hypothesis.  b) How might these hypotheses be tested? Describe what type of data you would need to collect, or potential experiments.

The data shown in Table 1 were collected from a study of predation on rabbit warrens and nests found on different soil types across seven regions of Australia between 1996-1998. Using these data, answer the questions that follow.

1. What are challenges that Biologist encounter in estimating population in  a) Whales b) Algea c) Caribou d) amphibians that love in marshes

The physical surroundings in which a species is normally found is its    A. Community  B. Habitat  C. Home range    D. Niche

Identify the term that best matches the definition or description given. a. selective advantage b. variation f. selective pressure g. artificial selection h. extinct i. c. monoculture d. mimicry e. adaptation fitness j. mutation 71. human selection of particular traits to modify a population 72. structural differences between individuals 73. environmental conditions that select for certain characteristics and select against other characteristics 74. changes to the genetic material of an organism 75. planting of one species in a large area 76. disappear completely from Earth 77. one species looks like another species 78. a behaviour that helps an individual survive and reproduce in a particular environment 79. a genetic advantage that improves an organism's chance of survival 80. genetic contribution to the next generation by successful reproduction

A recent outbreak of ranavirus in salmon has you concerned.  During your fieldwork you’ve discovered that individuals that have a hard operculum (gill covering) survive best because the virus cannot gain access to the gills.  Individuals with a soft operculum suffer 64% mortality due to ranavirus infection.  The hard operculum is a dominant trait.  You surveyed your population and found AA: 36, Aa: 45, and aa: 21. Showing the math increases the possibility of partial credit. Clearly indicate in your answer: The allele frequencies (both p and q) of your current population The allele frequencies (both p and q) you expect in the next generation due to the ranavirus outbreak

21. Which of the following species, either presently or formerly listed as endangered or threatened, has never been a real threat to human lives? A. grizzly bears (in Yellowstone National Park) B. gray wolves (in Yellowstone National Park) C. sea otters (along the California coastline) D. polar bears (in the Alaskan wilderness) E. mountain lions (in California)