c) State and discuss the empirical framework that underlies the relationship of the study. FDI= β1 + β2 GDP + β3 DT+ β4EX+ ε Where FDI = Foreign Direct Investment ( RM Million) GDP = Gross Domestic Product (RM Million) DT = Debt (RM Million) EX = Exchange Rate (Official exchange rate of local currency units per US$) ε = Error term Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the dependent variable measure in terms of RM Million. Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Debt (DT) and Exchange Rate (EX) are the independent variables or explanatory variables in this multiple regression model .Both GDP and DT measures in terms of RM Million whereas for the Exchange Rate, the unit of measurement is official exchange …show more content…
It arises as the effect of the omitted variables and many other factors. Relationship between GDP and the independents variables β2 ,Gross Domestic Product (GDP) , in RM Million The expected sign for the slope coefficient (β2) on GDP is positive which signify relationship between FDI and GDP to be positive after several journals have been study. According to Chowdhury and Mavrotas (2006), a bidirectional causality relationship found between GDP and FDI in the case of Malaysia. It indicates that the FDI and GDP have significant relationship and will affect one and another in the same direction. Kolstad and Villanger (2008) showed that the relationship between FDI and GDP is always positive. When the GDP increases, it means the economy of a country is growing, when the condition of the country is stable, it will attract more foreign investors to invest in the country and thus result in the increasing of FDI. The positive relationship also supported by Oyatoye,Arogundade, Adebisi and Oluwakayode (2011). According to Lim (2001), prospective growth accompany by GDP growth, signals higher return, which attract FDI to a host and reduce outflows from a source country. The strength of the GDP is always a determinant for the foreign investor of FDI into the country (Ali & Guo (2005)). If the strength of GDP makes the profit rationale, the investors will always seek to make an
On August 9, 2014,a young man by the name of Michael Brown was shot and killed by a police officer. It is little known why the shooting occurred, but the boy was unarmed.This could be one of many cases of modern day racism and segregation. In 1930, “even after the abolishment of slavery in 1865, blacks were still almost powerless(BBC 2)”.Blacks were heavily segregated and had almost no rights.Many cases of segregation in the 1930s caused a lot of current day racial tension in the united states.
Deutsche Bank made its entrance into the world in 1870 and it was one of the first banks to adopt universal banking as it promoted and facilitated trade relations between Germany and other overseas markets. Deutsche Bank acquired smaller banks in Germany in order to be the most prominent bank in their home base in addition to having a global reach. Following World War I, inflation took over Germany causing many borrowers to default on their loans forcing the bank to sell most of its assets in order to stay alive (however that diminished their global presence). The bank’s involvement during World War II with the transferring of the Jewish customers holdings to the German Government led to the Allied
FDI allows the home country to invest into the host country to produce, advertise, and distribute products, in order to upsurge their market share and provides a long-term investment and enhancement. (Moosa, 2002)
The Foreign Direct Investment is stimulated by diverse macroeconomic factors such as the GDP, GDP per capita and also by the political stability of a country. The US is the country, which receives the more FDI in the world; even tough some other countries recently have increased their FDI considerably in term of growth. The overall quality of the infrastructure in the US
This includes the type of FDI, sector, scale, duration and location of business and secondary effects. A refocusing of
Foreign Direct Investment plays a vital role in the growth of recipient countries (de Mello, 1997). FDI inflows help recipient country with the financial resources and even employment that may not be available with them; this helps boosting the economic performance of the country. FDI increase the production output of the country and more efficient use of resources by getting in more advanced technology and funds and by observing the unemployed resources of the
Many writers have tried to figure out if there is a direct link between Foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth of an economy in terms of Gross domestic product (GDP) but a reliable procedure hasn’t been found yet.
FDI is where the MNE invests directly in production or other facilities over which it has effective control in a host economy (j &t). According to Pollan (), the definition of the terms “investment” is highly significant to Foreign Direct Investment, which can be typical comprehend as the conveyance of capital to a country. Investment can be defined as money committed or property acquired in order to gain profitable returns, as interest, future income or appreciation in value (business dictionary, 2014). The commonest definition used to understand the idea of FDI is the definition provided by International Monetary Fund’s (IMF). The IMF definition of FDI introduces systems and structures which clearly demarcates foreign direct investment from portfolio investment. According to the IMF, direct investment creates a lasting interest in an enterprise, consisting of a long-term relationship between the investor and the enterprise and that the investor has an outstanding amount of control on the management of the enterprise, while portfolio investment does not create an extended relationship and the portfolio investor is rarely directly partaking in the day-to-day management of the enterprise (Pollan,). FDI however has no comprehensive, authoritative and ubiquitous legal definition and the test for the existence of enough degree of control differs in scope depending on applicable law in a
Resources that are invested by foreign companies help in boosting the economic development that also includes increase in employment rate. Output of the country increases as FDI bring along with them new technology, efficient management that make use of resources efficiently, and make use of unemployed population of recipient country. Many researchers have focused the positive aspects associated with FDI (Xu and Wang, 2007).
There is a long standing belief that foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows help the countries to have the opportunity to make further improvements on their economies. In recent decade, this belief strengthened by the fact that faster growing economies tend to attract more FDIs. Even if the direction of causality between FDI and growth is not absolute yet, positive impacts of FDI such as new technology, know-how or creating employment are enough attractive for policymakers. Consequently, investigating factors that pull FDI into country became a crucial topic in the literature.
During the last three decades, the world economy has increasingly integrated with foreign direct investment (FDI). FDI itself has become a particularly significant driving force
The world is becoming a global village from the rapid introduction of technology; there should be a need to understand the relationship between foreign investors and the economy. Foreign investors and its impact on the economic growth of a country cannot be over emphasized. A way by which it affects the economy is through the foreign direct investment. Foreign direct investment is defined not only as the transfer of money, but also a mixture of financial and intangible assets such as technology, managerial capability, marketing skills, and other assets (Nahide & Badri, 2014). In various economies they have regulations guiding the actions of foreign investors, but their impact are still felt on the economy, especially the developing countries. It assists in creating employment opportunities as well as improving the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the economy. Recently, there has been an increased attention to foreign direct investment; this proves the fact that it’s seen as the main factor of economic growth (Camelia, 2013). Despite the barrier to foreign investment, it has a positive impact on the economic growth of a country.
This study is focused on the two aspects: market-seeking FDI and resource-seeking FDI. These two aspects which influence the determination of FDI can be denominated by some numerical variables. In terms of market-seeking, GDP and the rate of inflation can be used to measure the market size and market growth respectively. The sum of exports and imports of goods and services indicates the openness of an economy, which also means the availability of access to regional and global markets. On the other hand, raw materials and human capital are the key elements for those resource-seeking enterprises. Thus, labour cost per worker in logs denotes human capital. With all the variables above, a specific regression model are able to build to investigate the research question.
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is created when a company buys assets in foreign country and invest in foreign countries property, plant or equipment, and also the participation a joint venture with a foreign local company. In addition, when a company begins FDI, the company will become a multinational company. Foreign direct investment has been spreader significantly in the previous two decades through the world economy. More and more countries and sectors has constitute to become one of the international foreign direct investment network. An important force creating better global economic combination are represented by different types of FDI. (Mody, 2004). In the following discussion, there will be reasons why China remained
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been considered important for the growth of a country. When the individuals or companies from a country invest in another country, it is regarded as FDI. FDI not only strengthens the manufacturing base of the host country but also contributes to the strengthening of the economic outlook. FDI can be seen as an investment that leads directly to job creation in an economy. The unemployment rate decreases due to FDI, which leads to stability in economic, social and political spheres. This leads to establishing the notion that FDI is necessary for a country because it helps in strengthening the economy of a particular country. Ireland has been benefitted by