Collapse of the World Trade Center towers was a dramatic and sudden incident that shocked the entire world, (Koening, 2001). Nearly everyone was shocked at the complete destruction of such a massive building. A widespread speculation continues to grow among the public as what actually caused the collapse. Surrounding the speculations are beliefs, such as poor structural design, which fire suppression equipment failed to work, and steels of columns melted. This essay attempts to quantify the collapse. There exists an ethical issue regarding how the World Trade Towers building was put up. In their line of professional duty, Engineers are supposed to uphold the paramount safety, welfare and health of the public about their work. With a critical review to the collapse of the building, it presents the use of illusion of validity. Vividly, general investigation conclusion that the World of Trade Towers was built successfully fully exploits the potentiality of using the illusion of effectiveness by Kahneman. More specifically it relates to the Bomber Command who defended each one as a comrade. About this, the investigating bodies fail to recognize the …show more content…
The design performance was not a perfect ramification of what happened years later. By design, the redundant structure, for example, was to ensure that if two columns collapse, then the load would shift to the adjacent ones. These proved not to be the case when the planes hit the building. While experts hold different views to what would have caused the collapse, they are both using System One analysis method, which is based on the intuition from the human reasoning and fear of the repercussions. On the other hand, System Two forms judgment based on critical examination of evidence (Dyson, 2011). One can argue that during 2001, designers would successfully predict the collapse of the
Roughly 2,753 people were killed on September 11, 2001, by terrorists who overtook commercial airplanes (Jones). The cause of these thousands of deaths were a series of attacks in New York City by an Islamic terrorist group, Al-Qaeda. However, there are still many questions about what actually happened the morning of September 11, 2001. As there are many different conspiracy theories about what happened that day, 9/11 was an attack which began with Al- Qaeda hi-jacking airplanes, but ended with more questions than answers. Many questions still remain about the authenticity of cell phone calls from inside the planes, why air defense was told to “stand down,” and how three buildings imploded as the result of two buildings being struck by airplanes.
Also if one takes a look at the video footage of the World Trade Center’s collapsing, one can clearly see several levels down a perfect explosion coming out level by level by level. The explosions are so precise that there is no possible way that they could’ve occurred by the collapsing itself. These explosions were caused by bombs that were placed inside the World Trade Center days before September 11th. An unexplained fire drill evacuation can prove that claim because why would everyone be ordered to evacuate the building days before September 11th? Maybe they were preparing for something in the event of an emergency (Hoffman, 2005). Actor Charlie Sheen says in an interview with Texas radio host Alex Jones (2006), "Call me insane, but did it sort of look like those buildings came down in a controlled demolition?" (¶ 3).
It has been 16 years and we have yet to hear a case where skyscrapers collapse in the same manner that the twin towers did. Insiders have reported that the Twin Towers design was constructed so that smaller floors were on top, so how could the smaller floors destroy the bigger floors below them just by fire? In his book titled 9/11: The Simple Facts: Why the Official Story Can’t Possibly Be True, Arthur Naiman states two undeniable facts. First, he makes the statement that “Nothing ever falls into the path of greatest resistance.” Within this claim, Arthur compares the twin towers to a tree. If the top of a tree were to catch fire and burn directly downward through the trunk it may seem plausible. The twin towers contained over 80,000 tons of steel, which is way denser, making it impossible for the towers to fall evenly. His second claim is that “Fires don’t suddenly destroy entire buildings evenly and completely.” He supports this claim by stating that only artificial fires would burn an entire building symmetrically. Given that natural fires leave some objects out, not everything is destroyed. These inconsistencies are crucial in the explanation of the 9/11 conspiracy because they avoid using just theory, actual facts are presented that avoid
On September 11, 2001 four passenger commercial jet airliners were hijacked and as a result approximately 3,000 human lives were lost. When asked about 9/11, many can recall exactly what they were doing when they heard the news that a plane crashed into one of the World Trade Center (WTC) buildings and many Americans can tell you how it all unfolded and the reason behind such a travesty. The “official story” provided by officials, and restated by Sofia Shafquat, producer of “9/11 Mysteries: Demolitions” say that “four passenger planes were hijacked and taken radically off course, within an hour, two of the planes had flown into the enormous steel towers of the World Trade Center, creating fires and eventually toppling them” (Shafquat).
On September 11th, 2001, two planes collided with the twin towers which supposedly was the catalyst of their destruction. The claimed reason for this destruction was an infernal blaze, which resulted in the complete combustion of the fortified steel beams. However, did the planes possess the power to bring down the World Trade Federation Towers on their own? After some further analysis, particularly controversial conclusions may be drawn, through three points: the claimed points of impact being false, jet fuel being unable to melt steel beams and explosive matter being found in the atmosphere.
A secondary school child could explain a test on the subject of dormancy, effect, and influence of the huge crashes on the two 107-stories WTC 1 and WTC 2 that brought about the breakdown of the 50-stories WTC 7. The other four towers were so little it would have been impossible shake brutally enough to fall. The basic truth was that the crashes of the two planes with the upper parts of WTC 1 and WTC 2 were seen by numerous individuals and recorded on features. In that capacity, the effect from impacts at the upper part of the towers must be calculated into the reenactment, for its total power of effect, its influence on shearing the base of the structures, and its warm impact in starting the falling breakdown. Tower 7 was both sufficiently high to catch more prominent vibration than each other tower and sufficiently close to be completely overwhelmed in fiery remains, garbage, and
The construction of the Skyline Plaza in Fairfax County came to a halt early in the afternoon on March 2, 1973. It was originally speculated by the workers on site that the crane assisting in lifting materials to the higher sections of the building failed and fell into the side of the building causing the collapse. However, Author Dov Kaminetsky conducted research alongside the National Bereau of Standards(NBS), and published his book, Design and Construction: Lessons from Forensic Investigations.[2] Kaminetsky provides the conclusion of NBS 's investigation that the collapse was a result of shear construction error. The building began to collapse as construction workers proceeded to remove the concrete shoring between the middle sector of the building, specifically the 22nd and 23rd floor. The shoring process requires the placement of a concrete structure to support a building while under construction to prevent the collapse of the operation. The result of the collapse took the lives of 14 construction workers and 35 other individuals near the building. With proper critique to policies and evaluation of work orders, further disasters may be prevented in the future in the United States. So how did theinvestigationn of the
Out of the entire World Trade Center complex WTC 7 is the furthest away, but somehow still manages to collapse. More than 8 hours after the initial attack, at 5:21 p.m., WTC 7 collapsed in 6.5 seconds. This building was also a steel framed building and was not even struck by a plane but mysteriously falls. There is absolutely no reason for this building to fall unless except it was planned. After the buildings collapsed a scientist found traces of thermite, and explosive compound and also Thermate, which is a patented brand of thermite used in the demolition industry! WTC 7 collapsed the same way a building in a controlled demolition would collapse. It gives out in the middle causing it to collapse on itself and not letting it fall onto other buildings. A controlled demolition would also explain the seismic evidence recorded close of two small earthquakes just before the towers collapse. The only valid explanation as to how 3 steel towers could collapse, and one being unstruck is that it was a controlled demolition and the government used explosives to destroy the
A Boeing 767 containing approximately twenty thousand gallons of jet fuel flew into the North tower of the World Trade Center in New York City on a pristine morning at 8:45 a.m. on September 11, 2001. The collision left a giant opening close to the eightieth floor of the one hundred ten story skyscraper, abruptly ending hundreds of people’s lives and trapping hundreds more in the floors above. As the evacuation of the tower and its twin- the South Tower- got underway by the local authorities, television news channels broadcasted live images of what at first appeared to be a freak accident. Then, eighteen minutes after the initial plane crashed into the tower, a second Boeing 767–United Airlines Flight 175–appeared out of the sky, turned sharply
The morning of September 11th, 2001 began like any other day for most Americans. All across the country, millions prepared for their commute to school or work, while aboard four doomed airliners, hundreds of passengers huddled in fear of nineteen now infamous hijackers. By the end of the day, thousands would be dead or missing and a country would be left reeling by the worst terror attack in world history. 9/11 is perhaps the most significant cultural and political event in the history of the United States of America, and anyone who was alive that day and old enough to remember the events as they took place can tell you about the utterly unique combination of fear, shock, and rage felt by every American as they watched two of the largest buildings in the world, symbols of New York City as recognizable as the Statue of Liberty itself, crumble into a heap of rumble on the streets of Manhattan. Yet, like with many events in human history that are almost too large or devastating to comprehend, it didn’t take long for some people to begin trying to make sense of what occurred by theorizing about government complacency or complicity in the attacks. These theories, often supported mostly by photos and video footage that is put forth as inconsistent with the official story, usually revolve around claims that the destruction wrought by the hijackers could not have been accomplished through plane crashes like the ones that occurred on 9/11. While sometimes compelling, these claims of
“The (WTC) collapse appeared to be similar to a controlled demolition” (Thomas, 07/08/2011). Many speculated that the towers were in fact blown down with explosives placed in selected locations. Some witnesses accounted hearing explosions inside the building as they attempted to escape the building. Many architects and scientists maintain that jet fuel cannot produce enough heat to melt the steel frame of the two buildings. There were no planes to hit building 7 of the trade center, but it was demolished in the same fashion as the twin towers were.
A non-profit organization called Architects & Engineers for 9/11 truth was formed after the September attacks. It contains of 2680 architects and engineers who support the view, that the three buildings cannot be collapsed as mentioned in the official report by the 9/11 commission. Over 20’000 non-scientists already
The 13 year anniversary of the tragic events of 9/11 happened just last week, but the families who were affected by the attack remember it as if it was just yesterday. These two buildings were built with the upmost care and planning, but nothing could have stopped the collapse of these two buildings on that fateful day.
September 11, 2001, millions of New Yorkers and American citizens woke up and started their day, unprepared and unaware for the catastrophic attack that would be taking place in just a few short hours. At 8:46 a.m., Eastern Standard Time, Flight 11 crashed into the North Tower. The impact killed all of the passengers and crew as well as hundreds inside the building. At 9:03 a.m., a second plane, Flight 175, crashed into the corner of the South Tower killing passenger, crew, and workers who worked on floors seventy-five to eighty-three. Flight 77 crashed into the Pentagon at 9:37 a.m. killing approximately 185 individuals (History.com Staff). Because of the damaged to the support system, fires, and impact at extremely fast speed, the South Tower collapsed at 9:59 a.m. (Lipton and Glanz). Having heard about the acts of terrorism that had just taken place in New York and Washington, D.C., a group of passengers drove their plane, Flight 93, into a Pennsylvania field killing everyone on board but possibly saving hundreds of other lives in the process. The North Tower collapsed at 10:28 a.m. 102 minutes after being struck (History.com Staff). On September 11, 2001, almost twelve hundred people were wounded or killed by “coordinated suicide attempts” by Al Qaeda terrorists. In result to the four airplanes being hijacked and used for premediated reasons, the United States government instituted new regulations for entering the country and airport security as well as expounded on systems already in place.
March 2, 1973 in Bailey’s Crossroads, Virginia, 14 construction workers were killed while 36 others remained injured. Apartment building A-4 and the attached parking garage of The Skyline Plaza, an apartment, hotel, office, and shopping center complex, collapsed due to inappropriate removal of forms, resulting the shear force around the columns to cause the structure to collapse. This large of a catastrophe didn’t happen due to one failure. One mistake led to another creating a domino effect. The question is, where did it begin? The article about the Skyline Plaza walks the reader through the design and construction phases, and the analysis of failure to better comprehend the pre-construction and construction