What Is Biological Theory?

In “Riding the Bull at Gilleys,” Scully and Marolla depict the psychopathological and the socio-cultural models of rape. The psychopathological model is a representation of what psychotherapist have used for years to explain the reasoning behind rape. With this model, rape is the result of an eccentric mental dysfunction, which symptoms include involuntary and uncontrollable sexual impulses. These sexual impulses may be temporary, repetitive, long lasting or brief. This model also implies that male sexual aggression is abnormal, therefore; psychologists do not seek any other rational explanation. Mainly, the psychopathological model ignores any correlational factors linking male sexual aggression to learned social behavior.

BTEC Level 3 Applied Science Unit 34: criminal psychology Explain how psychological perspectives have been used to explain criminal behaviour Biological theory Biological theory advances the evolution and cognition with an emphasis on the conceptual integration afforded by evolution. Biological theories: Biological perspective is relevant to the study of the psychology in three ways: comparative method: Many species can be studied and be compared. This can help them in search of human behaviour. physiology: The nervous system and hormones work, how the brain functions and how the structure can affect criminal behaviour.

There has been much level headed discussion concerning why individuals carry out sexual violations. To the extent to what causes individuals to wind up sex wrongdoers, there is no genuine response to this inquiry. No single component can completely decipher why somebody submits a sexual offense, however it is trusted that some blend of variables may join to increment sexual deviancy significantly. These components incorporate natural, fortuitous, ecological, and sociocultural parts of the individual, depicting the advancement of anomalous sexual expression through the same instruments by which traditional sexuality is likewise learned (Terry and Tallon). There are various sub-hypotheses which have been intended to clarify the onset of

Genetics, abnormal hormonal levels and brain dysfunction have all been linked to sexual offending. To date, there is no evidence of a genetic in sex-offending (Langevin, 1993), although case reports of pedophilic fathers and sons have been reported (Gaffner, Lurie & Berlin, 1984). Some researchers have hypothesised this to be reflective of neuro-endocrine abnormalities, such that abnormal hormonal levels may disrupt the sexual arousability of an individual. This is based on the belief that the endocrine system drives sexual behaviour (Langevin, 1993). There is some evidence for this in the literature with peripheral blood samples of pedophiles indicating abnormal testosterone levels (Bain et al., 1988) and increased

There has been much debate about why people commit sexual crimes. As far as to what causes people to become sex offenders, there is no real answer to this question. No single factor can fully interpret why someone commits a sexual offense, though it is believed that some combination of factors may combine to increase sexual deviancy dramatically. These factors include biological, circumstantial, environmental, and sociocultural aspects of the person, describing the development of abnormal sexual expression through the same mechanisms by which conventional sexuality is also learned (Terry and Tallon). There are a number of sub-theories which have been designed to explain the onset of sexual deviancy. However, because no one can pinpoint the dynamics of sexual deviancy, different theories have been developed to study and account for the development of sexual aggression and behavior. An explanation of the main theories is offered below:

This essay will be explaining some of the Biological and Cognitive (Social learning Perspective) Psychological Theories and will be critically evaluating Rape as an act of criminal behaviour. The cognitive approach will be focussing on learnt behaviour, cycles of abuse and normalisation of coercive violent sex through early childhood experiences and the biological theory will focus on psychosis and the neurobiological explanations

Does the evidence they present support one position more than the other concerning whether development influences learning or the other way around? Why?

Another one of these theories is that physical and sexual abuse was found in the childhood histories of many rapists. Another theory looks at a study by Malamuth, which came up with six "predictor factors" for sexual aggression, "dominance as a sexual motive, hostility toward women, attitudes, facilitating violence, antisocial characteristics/psychoticism, and sexual experience." (Hollin, p. 44) Malamuth found that these factors were successful in predicting sexual violence and bringing these factors in with interactions with the predictor increased its success even more.

(P1)The biological approach means that our behavior is the cause of biological factors. This approach looks at our genetics to construct a reason why we act the way we do and why we develop abnormal behaviors. The brain and nervous system are the biological approach and so are chemical changes in the body .This can mean chemical reactions in the brain. For instance, in eating disorders - twin studies were carried out and it was shown that if one identical twin suffered from an eating disorder then the other twin would also be more likely to suffer from a disorder as well. This did not happen with non-identical twins, suggesting that the

Some of the theories that I believe a perpetrator who commits a sexual assault and/or rape falls under a rational choice theory or a biological/psychological theory. Under the rational choice theory it is considered that the decision that someone makes is not dominated through a biological or psychological point of view but in a more voluntarily and willful choice to commit that criminal act. The perpetrator can make the decision of committing the crime by causing harm towards the victim. The justification of the

When thinking of sexual predators preying on children the first impression that comes to mind is how a person could commit an act so despicable. This is the question that lingers in the back of every logical person mind. In theory there will always be an explanation that could better help people comprehend the reasons on why tragedies such as pedophilia occur. One could consider the breakdown of a person’s societal bond which is considered the social control theory and or the result of an individual having a totally different thinking process known as the psychological theory. Although both of these prove worthy theories, the psychological theory for pedophilia analysis is more sound in comparison to the social control theory.

You succinctly described how social learning theory can help to understand the motivations towards sexual deviancy. As you note, behavior, whether positive or negative, is learned. Family dynamics, peers and environment have great influence and form the foundational boundaries on the behavior exhibited by a person. Family dysfunction, deviancy prone peers and an oversexualized environment can make sexual assault be perceived as normal rather than deviant behavior. Sexual offenders often times report that they are victims of sexual assault themselves, especially child sexual abuse.

The main debate amongst the explanation is the key motivation that drives the offender to commit rape. Previously, majority of social scientists’ perspective of rape is seen as a sexually motivated crime; for instance, males are given the opportunity to fulfil their sexual desires that cannot be met legally, thus

Biological theories look for organic explanations for what causes such abuse. A person looking into this would be (for example) investigating psychological factors like hormone levels. Psychodynamic theories examine unresolved problems that occurred during various stages of the perpetrator’s development. Behavioral theories focus on deviant behavior as it may be considered a learned condition. Pertaining to attachment theories, how humans need to establish strong bonds with others and how when emotional stress or loss causes, they account and abuse children is examined. Lastly, integrated theories attempt to examine all of the previous reasons of why individuals sexually abuse children, believing that there is not one cause for such

Charles Darwin broached the theory of natural selection in his book the Origin of Species, which has been considered the basis of evolutionary biology to this day. Natural selection is when populations of a species evolve over the course of many generations. Darwin believed that species were not created separately, but instead, species were derived from one another. In other words, the evolution of species creates many variations among creatures, and this is because all of those species came from a common ancestor, and characteristics changed to increase the species chance of survival.