EXPLAINING SEXUAL ASSAULT AND RAPE
As reported by, feminist criminologists, their perspective of rape and sexual assault differ between liberal and radical feminists. Liberal feminists’ viewpoint in regards of rape as a gender-neutral assault on a persons’ autonomy and mainly focusing on the harm that rape can do to an individual. In contrast, radical feminists describe rape as a subject to be recognised and understood as a major pillar of patriarchy; a social system in which men claim the positions of dominance and control of the central norms and values that are linked with masculinity (Johnson, 2005: p. 4-15). The radical feminists believe that rape is a patriarchal structure within male power, thus displaying the harms that rape can do to an individual and as a group of women. Furthermore, the radical feminists approach view rape as male have the control and authority over the use of women’s bodies, which involves the sexual and reproductive. Hence, this is the core element of patriarchy, Radical feminist believe that rape is one of many forms that connects men’s sexual exploitation and violence, as well as, reinforcing women’s oppression (Whisnant, 2013).
The main debate amongst the explanation is the key motivation that drives the offender to commit rape. Previously, majority of social scientists’ perspective of rape is seen as a sexually motivated crime; for instance, males are given the opportunity to fulfil their sexual desires that cannot be met legally, thus
Burgess-Proctor (2006) indicated that, “radical feminism radical feminism identifies patriarchy, or male dominance, as the root cause of women’s oppression,” (p. 29). Individuals who perpetrate crime against women have deep discrimination towards them due to male-base power and privileges in that particular society. Radical feminists experience strong influence by the male dominance concept. Domestic violence is some of the radical feminist manifestation of male power. Socialist feminism provides that crime against women is a complex combination of sex and class oriented inequalities.
On 07/16/15 at approximately 0438 hours, Kirkland Officers were dispatched to an Assault near Anthony’s Homeport in the 100 block of Lake Street South, Kirkland Washington. Dispatch related the female victim, KMW, DOB 08/25/74, called 911 and reported that a Hispanic male approximately 18 years of age had kicked her in the head. Officer DeAguiar arrived on scene and informed radio that the victim had been sexually assaulted by an unknown male that fled on foot. K9 Officer Hopkins responded to the scene to assist with a K9 track.
Radical and liberal feminist theories identify sexual assault as occurring due to women’s oppression through gender role socialization and patriarchal dominance (Burgess-Proctor, 2006). Radical and liberal feminists posit that sexual assault is an act of power and
Sexual assault and rape among college campuses has been an ongoing issue across the nation for decades. In the state of Utah, this complex issue will not have a simple solution, but measures can be taken to prevent sexual assault and rape occurring on campuses. Utah Valley University is a campus that is taking considerably impressive measures to combat sexual assault, which will be a basis of this paper. Through university sex education, stricter laws and enforcement, and providing on-campus services to students, cases of sexual assault and rape in the higher level education setting will decrease, and students will be more likely to report these crimes.
Sexual assault and rape are serious social and public health issues in the United States and throughout the rest of the world. In particular sexual assault on college campus are prevalent at an alarming rate and leaves serious effects on the victims. This essay will focus on statistics and the prevalence and effects amongst college students, through examining a number of reasons why women fail to report sexual assault and rape. This essay will also cover sexual assault prevention and things that can be done to mitigate the risk of becoming a victim to such matter.
Sexual assault on college campuses has become a hot topic in today’s society. From the Stanford swimmer, Brock Turner, raping an unconscious woman (Miller, 2016, para.1) to the Florida State star football player, Jameis Winston, being accused of rape and FSU covering it up (Dick, 2016, para 1), sexual assault on campus is everywhere. The prevalence of reported assaults is often skewed, due to women feeling uncomfortable about discussing what they went through, but the numbers tell the story all on their own. Many of these occurrences happen because of frats, and the alcohol they serve. Groups have started to advocate for the ending of sexual assault on campus by creating apps. The government was involved in creating the Title IX law only recently. Sexual assault on college campuses has become a major issue in the United States, so that it has become increasingly prevalent to the public eye, the causes of these attacks are coming to light such as fraternities and alcohol, how the government is battling it, what colleges and universities are doing about it, and how prevention apps have become the new trend.
According to the United States Supreme Court’s U.S Code 920 – Article 120, sexual assault and rape (a form of sexual assault) are legally identified as “sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual action perpetrated against a person without that person 's consent” (H.R. Title 10 - Armed Forces 466). Now, in regards to why these individuals inflict these actions are summed up within the same U.S code in that they may be carried out by “physical force, coercion, abuse of authority, or against a person who is incapable of valid consent” (H.R. Title 10 - Armed Forces 467). In today’s society, rape and sexual assault on college campuses have attracted massive media attention by climbing up to the #1 age bracket responsible for both allegations and carried out convictions. (Gordon) Among our generation, the question not addressed by the government is what is the common factor among this age bracket that is capable of contributing to this increasing number of sexual crimes across the country? “Music is an integral part of youth culture” (Kistler 2) and has been popularly discussed as the probable influence behind this staggering statistic. Through careful examination of music’s many sexually suggestive lyrics and videos released over the past decade, combined with the opinions of those heavily influenced by music, we can see that musicians with a demeaning, misconstrued message have been involuntarily responsible for measures of falsely interpreted sexual stereotypes which lead to
Rape is an extremely controversial issue and this notion is supported based on the fact that basic definitions and explanations of rape usually directly correlate with a state's lawful definition of rape. This proves problematic as many people's explanations and definitions of rape are quite different to that of the law. Social science theorists argue that rape is a learned action with which society plays a crucial role, Ellis (1989). Based on this theory it seems only logical to propose that there
Women, girls, men, and boys are vulnerable victims of sexual assaults every day in our country. While females experience much higher rates of sexual assaults than males. The problem that this country faces is the lack of being able to track rapist, in addition to the victims that chose not to report their assault of being raped to the police. Issues of under reporting comes from the victims with multiple reasons that hinders them from reporting these heinous criminal acts. Thus, the sad realization is that the perpetrator is usually some one that you know, that you would of never of thought that they could and would, and do sexually assault you.
December sixteenth, two-thousand and twelve, in Bangalore, the nation reacted with many questions when the brutal gang rape was reported. The victim stated that that it was especially horrifying, a physiotherapy. “What was wrong with these people?”, people ask, researchers across the globe have been trying to answer this but the mind of a rapist is very hard to pick through. About decade, the world saw rape as an overwhelming sexual urge, invited by women through provocative dressing or behavior. Walking alone in the night automatically makes a female vulnerable. Recent researchers suggests that only a minority if the rapists commit the heinous crime to satisfy their sexual urge. No single line of research is conclusive but their work does help one understand these irrational minds to some extend. “For some men, rape is like ‘stealing’.” says Dr Neil Malamuth, “I wouldn’t necessarily use the term sexual perversion for most rapists. Many are ‘anti-social’ individual who would ‘steal’ sex just as they would steal other things, “ he adds. In a survey 2,652 men, found that men who forced their wives
The topic of sexual assault has always been a tough subject to discuss because it is a heinous crime that can and has happened to men, women, young and old. It is a topic that is disturbing and heart wrenching, especially when involving children. In the past few years, our media outlets have captured the images and stories on sexual assault, focusing mainly on College Institutions and how sexual assault cases have been handled within those institutions. Sexual assault is a very important topic to discuss, since this can happen to anyone you know, man or woman, adult or child, or yourself. This paper will touch on the different types of sexual assault, stigma of sexual assault, treatment of sexual assault, and understanding the perpetrator. There will be a brief discussion of the current social issue of college campus sexual assault. Sexual assault is such a wide topic with many areas to discuss, but this paper will outline the basic understanding of sexual assault and what can be done to overcome this stigma of sexual assault and how we can help the victims/survivors.
The paper will also look at criminological theories that try to explain rape and also look at how criminological theories can explain the individual who commits the crime of rape. Some of the theories that can explain rape include classical school-deterrence and rational choice theory, sub-cultural theories (Albert Cohen and status frustration), Walter miller’s theory of focal concern and social structure theory.
“Radical Feminism offers systematic analysis of the nature of women’s oppression including the way it is sustained through law and criminal justice processes. It is not only to understand male dominance and control of women and but also to end it.”
Sexual assault and rape are on-going issues plaguing college campuses all across the nation. In part, I believe this is due to a lack of education on what sexual assault actually is. All too often, victims are leaving these situations feeling confused about something that they will forever deem "a weird night". It often isn't until much later that they realize what happened to them was a violation of their body and of their rights.
Date Rape is the well-known act of persuaded, or potentially forced, unconsented sex with another person. There are numerous explanations for why date rapes, or rapes in general, occur. As laid out in some academic papers, prescribed cultural masculine ideologies may be the explanation for the motive of the act. Merton and Durkeim’s Strain Theory gives some bases in the explanation of this, as pertaining the strain involved in achieving these ideologies (goals). Some initiatives by social programs prevent rape crimes by educating men about the false masculinity portrayed to them and to fight the culture surrounding it. Strain theory, as well as social learning theory, give some explanation to why date rapes are committed and social development programs may be a preventative. Specifically, what is date rape in legal terms and who does it involve?