Water Temperature And Salinity

Some environmental services that the oceans provide to the planet is regulations of the Earth’s systems. By having the basins mix across the ocean, it reduces the differences between them and makes the Earth’s ocean a global system. For example, in the North Atlantic Ocean, the wind-driven surface currents go away from the equator to the poles allowing it to cool while it eventually sinks at the high latitudes into the ocean basins which then causes the mixture between them. Since ocean currents carry massive amounts of heat and transfer it all throughout the globe, it allows for the circulation to impact the full effects of climate change in our planet. Carbon and microalgae are also another factor since it exists in all parts of the ocean. For instance, carbon dioxide and organic matter dissolve in

The water sample was collected from a fish tank in the OHSU Collaborative Life Sciences building in room 2N016. The fish tank contains fish and therefore, it is unlikely for any pollutants or chemicals to be within the tank because fish need fairly optimal conditions to survive. Additionally, a maintained fish tank should not have any pollutants or chemicals (except for nitrate) that can be diluted and cleaned out through water changes. 2. Give a specific example (hypothetical or real) of why it would be biologically relevant to measure temperature in an aquatic environment.

the oceans are also affected by the climate change because the climate change affects the sea animals that live on corals or any fish that feed off the

I think that if the temperature of the water changes it would affect the surrounding land drastically because everything thing is used to that temperature already.

Climate change has affected us in many ways, but it was even more influential on organisms and their community. The Earth is gradually heating and we are left to deal with the consequences. Homes are being destroyed, organisms are dying, and resources are running low. Since 1880, Our Earth’s temperature had increased by about 0.8 degrees Celsius. Climate change is affecting the Earth and scientists say that one more degree will greatly affect people from all over the world. There are many consequences of climate change and each one has a great impact on all of us, but organisms’ homes are being destroyed and thousands of species are dying out. These organisms are imperative to our world and how it functions.

Temperature plays an important role in how nature works, and even a small change in average temperature can have a noticeable impact on plants, animals, and other natural processes. For example, just a one- to two-degree increase in global temperature can lead to a much greater risk of wildfires. Some parts of the world are warming a lot more than average, which means the effects are much more dramatic.

Water is a much better conductor of heat than sand, which leads to more energy from solar radiation being distributed throughout large depths of water in the ocean. Energy is further distributed throughout the ocean by the constant mixing and movement of liquid water. This distribution of heat energy leads to little energy being transferred back to the surface atmosphere. Sand is a poor conductor of heat, so heat does not distribute throughout sand particles beneath the surface and sand does not mix in the way water in the ocean does. Sand more quickly absorbs solar radiation and then transfers this heat to the surface atmosphere, which causes the surface atmosphere to have larger temperature variances.

The loss of sea ice, due to melting, affects climate patterns and amplifies global warming.

The main factors in this climate change are observed to be the increase in temperatures and the resulting acidification of the oceans. The previously mentioned changes and others in the report are readily observable, such as the uptake of anthropogenic carbon since 1750 that has led to the ocean becoming more acidic, with an average decrease in pH of 0.1 units and in some instances blatantly obvious, even to the average layperson. It is difficult to conclude what the rate of change in the future will be and the effects of observed ocean acidification on the marine biosphere.

The oceans have been recorded to be rising in surface temperature, which in turn is causing fish to migrate to colder oceans near the poles; this disruption fisheries and other animals who prey on fish. The rise in temperature also can control currents, which caused a 40% increase in tropical storms since the 1950’s. The rise in temperature in our atmosphere has also caused for the melting of the ice caps, which has raised the sea levels almost 6.7 inches in the last century, with some locations on the eastern parts of Canada reading increases as high as 8 inches. These readings are more than double what they were in the previous century. The acidity of oceans is also increasing due to the increase of CO2 in the air. This is doing many things to different ecosystems such as coral reefs. The Great Coral Reef in Australia has lost half of its’ coral over the last 27 years alone. The rise in temperature and carbon dioxide causes the coral to bleach, which makes it weak and allows it to be destroyed very easily by any storms, or other predators. The rise in carbon emissions not only affects land life, but is also destroying our oceans as

Water of salinity that ranges from freshwater to seawater. In other words salinity of brackish water starts where freshwater ends and ends where seawater starts. Technically water of salinity of brackish water ranges from 0.5 – 30 g/l. Because of the significant difference between the starting and ending salinity values, it is recommended to state actual salinity readings in order to precisely define salinity status.

In all, Earth’s oceans are diverse systems that all of life depends on for survival. The oceans act as a large conveyor belt; transporting varying volumes of water do different parts of the world. Any kind of alterations or disruptions to this conveyor belt causes regional sea levels to rise. These alterations are greatly impacted by anthropogenic climate change, the long-term alteration of earth’s climate as a result of human activities. The main ingredient behind climate change is the constant changing of global temperatures due to increasing levels of greenhouse gas emissions produced by humans. Mankind became intertwined with climate change during the industrial

Serge M. Garcia and Andrew A. Rosenberg expect that global warming will affect the “availability, stability, access and utilization of food supplies” (2010). This will have important consequences for an already constricted system. Rising water levels will affect the habitat of ocean and land dwellers. The availability of fish will be altered as species acclimated towards warmer water migrate towards the poles, due to increasing water temperature (Garcia and Rosenberg, 2010). Ocean acidification is the foremost critical effect of global warming on the oceans. It results from the absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide by the oceans, which lowers the pH of the water. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of the US states that there has been about a 30% increase in ocean acidity since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Moreover, current CO2 output levels would lead to a 150% increase in ocean acidity by the end of this century (NOAA). Increased ocean acidity will have drastic effects on shellfish and coral, due to their calcium based nature (NOAA). Reduced quantities of shellfish and coral will further alter presently dwindling habitats and amplify the loss of biodiversity. Garcia and Rosenberg explain that temperature changes will greatly affect fish’s metabolism, growth, and reproduction because they are cold-blooded. This will further influence the availability of food and the

Our research revealed the heat capacity of saltwater is lower than freshwater; the heat capacity of freshwater is 4.182 J/(g K) and the heat capacity of saltwater is 3.993 J/(g K). Through our experiments it was revealed that the higher the concentration of salt, the lower the heat capacity was, resulting in the water heating up slightly faster than the controlled trial of boiling water with no salt. Our science project can be supported by the concept of boiling point elevation, which states salt will elevate the boiling temperature of water. This happens when a non-volatile solute, for our experiment: salt, is added to a pure solvent, for our experiment: water, to create a solution, saltwater. By adding salt to the pot of water, it created an impure solvent and raised the boiling point above pure solvents.

Global warming has influenced the ocean more than anything else has in the world. The two largest changes happening in the ocean are the rising water levels and the rising temperature. Both of these factors have arrived because of an increase in greenhouse gases and an overall rise in temperature across the globe. The most common greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide, comes mainly from the exhaust of cars and trucks. Our actions are affecting the oceans and seas more than ever before.