Unit 6 Osteoporosis Case Study

Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disease that is characterized by structural deterioration of bone tissue and reduced bone mineral density(BMD). Consequences include increased pain, increased risk of fracture, loss of mobility, and death (Osteoporosis Canada 2014).

Osteoporosis is a detrimental bone condition, the tissue in the bones deteriorate and thus the bones become progressively brittle which presents a risk for rupture. Osteoporosis impacts more than 44 million Americans and is linked to a suggested 2 million bone fractures each year. According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, the amount of fissures due to osteoporosis may escalate above 3 million by the year 2025. Osteoporosis is typically undetected and advances with slight warning signs until a fissure ensues. Effects of osteoporosis encompass height reduction and a curved upper back, anyone can have osteoporosis, however it is prevalent in elderly women and many may break a bone due to this condition. Recovery and prevention are vital in combating osteoporosis, though it may never be eradicated one can take measures to stabilize bone density and gain strength.

Osteoporosis is a progressive silent disease that affects the quality of the bone, due to the decrease in bone mineral density , the bone becomes more porous and fragile, and the risk of fracture will increase , osteoporosis has no signs or symptoms , and people may not know that they have the disease until their bone becomes so weak that a sudden strain, fall will causes a bone to break, , the fractures that related to the osteoporosis cause pain, Disability, reduce mobility, long-term disability and reduced quality of life . The recovery from these fractures is slow, rehabilitation is often incomplete and patients nearly have to hospitalize or even have to home nursing. the most common sites of osteoporotic fracture are Hip, spine, distal forearm, and proximal humerus .

Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease of the bones generally brought on by the process of aging, unfortunately there can also be a number of underlying or secondary causes; however, preventative care and drug treatments can minimize the severity of this prevalent disease. Osteoporosis has been estimated to affect more than 200 million people worldwide (Bethel, 2015). According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, 9.9 million Americans have osteoporosis and an additional 43.1 million have low bone density.

Osteoporosis makes bones weak and brittle; fragile bones can easily be fractured. With osteoporosis, a fall or mild stresses cause a fracture. Most of the Osteoporosis-related injuries are in the region of the hip, wrist or the spine (). Bone is constantly being synthesis and broken down for replaced. Osteoporosis is the result of the lack of reproduction of new bone. Osteoporosis can be seen in men and women of all races. Medications, healthy diet and weight-bearing exercise can prevent bone loss or strengthen already weak bones (Mayo Clinic, 2016).

Osteoporosis occurs when bones lose their strength and density. They become fragile, weak, and brittle, this means that the bones are more likely to fracture. Osteoporosis particularly affects women after menopause and in their later years. However, some men may also be affected. Activity and a healthy diet rich in calcium and vitamin D can help prevent osteoporosis. It affects one of every two women and one out of every five men, according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

“Worldwide, osteoporosis causes more than 8.9 million fractures annually, resulting in an osteoporotic fracture every 3 seconds” (Johnell, 2006 ). Making Osteoporosis a severe musculoskeletal disease. We will cover any the expected findings, signs and symptoms that you will find upon your assessment. It will also cover the routes of treatments, medications and preventive measures to emphasize to your client and the results and complications that can arise if these rules cannot be met. It will conclude with detailed nursing interventions as well as risks and what to express to your client upon discharge.

Nearly 55 million Americans are estimated to have osteoporosis, making it one of the most common diseases among American seniors. According to the Centers for Disease Control, 50 percent of women and 25 percent of men over the age of 50 will end up a broken bone as a result of osteoporosis. In fact, according to May Clinic,

Osteoporosis is often called “the silent disease” because there are no symptoms in the early stages of bone loss. As time progresses, the bones become weak and common signs and symptoms may include loss of height, bone fracture, back pain, a stooped posture, and a humped back known as dowager’s hump or kyphosis. Most people do not know that they have osteoporosis until they have a sudden bump, strain or fall that causes a bone to fracture (Lewis, p.1635). The most common type of fracture occurs in the bones of the vertebrae, forearm, femoral neck, and proximal humerus. Differential diagnosis for osteoporosis include osteoarthritis, osteomalacia or rickets, inadequate mineralization of existing bone matrix (osteoid), multiple myeloma, metastatic cancer, paget disease of bone, renal osteodystrophy (Papadakis & McPhee, para.2).

There are numerous factors that can increase the probability of developing osteoporosis, such as lifestyle, age, race and medications used before. Osteoporosis can go undetected for decades until a fracture happens, this is why it is important to detect it in the early stages. If there are signs of osteoporosis, doctor will go in depth in the patient record to see what kind of medication, lifestyle or if they have loss height in recent year. However the most secure test to find out if the disease is present is a bone mineral density test which helps determine which prevention or treatment are needed.

Osteoporosis is a disease in which the bones are most likely to break. You can get Osteoporosis, as you increase in age and from injury. Osteoporosis is mainly caused from having low bone mass. The signs from Osteoporosis is very sneaky as a result of,, it has no vital signs at all. However, you can contract Osteoporosis by falling or any other harmful injury. Poor bone structure can be involved with Osteoporosis. With Osteoporosis, you will not function the same as you would have with everyday life. Bones and joints are most likely to agonized and bones are most likely going to able break more frequently. If you know you have been diagnosed with Osteoporosis, you need to be extra careful. Your bones are twice as fragile than someone

Because the bone density is so weak fractures are very common. Patients may experience severe back pain along with loss of height and stooped posture. There may be a loss of appetite, along with abdominal pain, and constipation. The only way to truly know if a patient has osteoporosis is to see a doctor. Doctors will ask questions about the family history, osteoporosis is sometimes genetic. A physical test will then be performed. This includes a urine sample, blood tests, and a BMD (bone marrow density) test of the hip, spine, and other areas of the body based on the doctors

Osteoporosis (meaning ‘porous bone’) is generally an influentially common disease amongst more than 1 million Australians. This disease influences issues that remain to be worked out fragile promoting a higher danger of breaks than in normal bones. Osteoporosis typically transpires when bones lose minerals, such as calcium, more rapidly than the body can replace them, causing the loss of bone thickness (bone thickness or mass). Osteoporosis is commonly referred to as a “silent” disease, as it typically has no symptoms and is occasionally diagnosed until the point when bones break or crack, leaving results of fractures. In Australia, the disease affects one in three women and one in five men aged over 50 years, particularly in the stages of menopause and lower levels of sex steroids hormones, for example,

Most fragility fractures cause acute pain and loss of function although the recovery and rehabilitation vary between fracture types. Almost every hip fracture leads to hospitalization and its recovery is slow and rehabilitation is often incomplete. Many patients require nursing home care following a hip fracture. Vertebral fracture may occur without serious symptoms but a new vertebral fracture often occurs after a prior vertebral fracture (Kanis et al, 2004; Klotzbuecher, 2000) and the consequent disability increases with the number of fractures. Fragility fracture is also associated with increased mortality, with the exception of forearm fracture (Cooper et al, 1993). A Swedish study showed hip fracture accounts more than 1% of all events which causes death (Kanis et al, 2003). This figure is somewhat higher than the percentage of deaths attributed to pancreatic cancer and somewhat lower than the percentage of deaths attributed to breast

Fracture is a common incidence in both children and adults. Yearly, about 1.5 million fracture cases related to osteoporosis are recorded in the United States (Gass and Dawson-Hughes, 2006).Most fractures in adults occur mainly at old age and it has been linked to low bone mineral density (BMD), a fall or osteoporosis(Karlsson et al., 2013).