The armies of the United States of America varied greatly from the beginning of America 's independence in 1775 to the end of the War of 1812 in 1815. Different presidents holding office during this period brought different political views towards managing the army. These views affected the size and capability of the army in war and peace, with varying effectiveness. Effective in this case refers to the ability of the army to perform tasks given to them by the government. Opinions differing from the actions performed by the government provide insight into alternative ideas for the military, which had varying degrees of viability.
During the dawn of the United States of America, Congress led the nation in its affairs. The members
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Congress could not supply the large army that Nationalists wanted; they could only keep 80 soldiers who were sent to guard West Point. With Indians and British outposts in the frontier, Congress created the 1st American Regiment: 700 militiamen that served in periods of two years. They proved to be very ineffective at managing the border and did not make surveyors feel safe in the frontier.
Due to a lack of financial support from taxation, Congress also could not provide payment to soldiers released from duty. This angered many veterans. The ineptitude of Congress resulted in the Newburgh Conspiracy and the Pennsylvania mutiny of 1783, during which veterans demanded Congress pay them for their service. Congress could not call on the army to protect them and they could not pay the veterans, so they were forced to flee Philadelphia to escape a mob of angry veterans.
The final push that resulted in Congress to create an efficient standing army was Shay 's Rebellion, which lasted from 1786 to 1787. Farmers, heavily burdened by taxes and debts, were led by Daniel Shays, a former officer under George Washington, to raid an American armory at Springfield, Massachusetts. With American army stationed at West Point, the armory was guarded by a mere padlock. Congress was forced to rally a militia to end the riots.
These actions were some of the first and most crucial events that led up to the Revolutionary War. The first major stand that the Patriots made was the Boston Tea Party. In the Boston Tea Party in December 1773, members of the Sons of Liberty camouflaged themselves as American Indians and a British tea ship a dumped $700,000 – $4,000,000 worth of tea in today’s terms. This act enraged the British king and Parliament, causing them to create the Coercive Acts, which angered them even more. Later, in 1775, a group of Massachusetts minutemen decided to stash weapons and ammunition so that the British Redcoats couldn’t find them. When Thomas Gage decided to take these weapons, a small skirmish occurred between the two forces at Lexington and Concord. This small battle, in which the Patriots drove the British all the way back to Boston, was the first battle of the Revolutionary War. Even after independence was won, many problems still existed that caused major crucial events within the now states. One event stemmed from the lack of control that the Articles of Confederation gave to the national government. Since the national government had no power to regulate the minting of money or taxation, inflation became a large problem. In Massachusetts, rather than printing more money to pay off war debts, the state raised taxes on land. Farmers in Massachusetts, having lots of land were heavily taxed, but because of inflation, the gold and silver that they owned wasn’t worth enough to pay off farmers’ debts. Some farmers were even imprisoned because of their debts. In September 1786, Daniel Shays, a Revolutionary War veteran, led a rebellion in western Massachusetts in hopes of closing court so that they couldn’t charge debtors. Though the members of the rebellion were eventually either captured or had surrendered, the event pointed out
The American Colonies became very eager to gain independence after the intolerable acts and many confrontations that occurred with Great Britain. Before the american revolution the american colonies had relied on militias that provided local defense that were run by part time soldiers. As tensions rose with Great Britain the need for a more united or national militia force seemed more clear to the colonies. In june of 1775 the second continental congress decided to create and fund the Continental Army. The congress then unanimously voted that George Washington would be appointed as Commander in chief of the Continental Army. The first shots of the American Revolution , however were not coming from the continental army but came from either
The First World War was a devastating calamity in which 10 million soldiers lost their lives fighting for their countries. This figure is ridiculous, but when one realizes that, that does not include the civilians who lost their lives during the fighting, the number seems even more ominous. This terrible event happened, and America tried to stay neutral for a while; however, we eventually found ourselves entangled in its web of destruction and for the a little more than the last six months of the war America was part of the fighting. The Germans were no fools, when America and its “dough boys” joined in the fighting they knew it was a big deal, it even lead to a strike by the Germans. “We must strike,” General Erich Ludendorff told his fellow commanders, “before America can throw strong forces into the scale.” But what was the final act that pushed America past the point of no return? What effect did America actually have while fighting? Why was it such a big deal that this one country joined in the fighting? What was going on in America, while its soldiers were out fighting on another continent somewhere in the world? The purpose of this paper is to examine those questions and discuss the influence that America had while fighting in Europe in the Great War as well as the politics that occurred internationally after the war ended.
A Civil War is a battle between the same citizens in a country. The American Civil War was fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the independence for the Confederacy or the survival of the Union. By the time Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1861, in the mist of 34 states, the constant disagreement caused seven Southern slave states to their independence from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, generally known as the South, grew to include eleven states. The states that remained devoted to the US were known as the Union or the North. The number one question that is never completely understood about the Civil War is what caused the war. There were multiple events that led to the groundbreaking, bloody, and political war.
The American Civil War was arguably the most important war in the history of the country. The War of Independence may have allowed American to become its’ own country, but the Civil War resulted in something even more important than that, the end of slavery in the southern states. All of the issues that caused the Civil war were based around slavery, such as states’ rights that involved how slavery would be handled in each state, and trying to preserve the Union since the south seceded from the north due to their lust for slavery. The war ended up being the deadliest in the history of the country with over 700,000 people being killed as a result of battle or from diseases that were obtained during the war. The north was better prepared for the war than the south due to various reasons. One was the fact that the north was industrialized, while the south largely relied on agriculture. Being so heavily industrialized, the north was better equipped to fight the war since they could construct better guns, cannons or even ships to create blockades to prevent the south from getting help from other countries and not everyone in the south was supportive of the war. The north also had a much larger population than the south, and since African Americans were allowed to fight for the Union, their army was larger. Arguably the most important aspect of the northern victory was that it had superior leadership in the form of Abraham Lincoln. Lincoln is widely held as one of the greatest
With Chester at the helm of the train they had made great time from Washington D.C. to Quantico. People came out from all areas along the tracks to see this huge massive monster moving down the railroad tracks. The one thing they all noticed immediately was the Stars and Strips flying high over the train as it moved at a moderate speed down the tracks. People saw Soldiers manning the several turrets that lined the locomotive and its cars; it was surely a sight to see. The Soldiers threw out flyers to people as they passed them. The flyers expressed that within the next few months’ regular railroad service would begin again between their location and various stops along the way to Washington D.C., it gave people hope.
Following the conclusion of the 7 years war, the British Empire was faced with a complicated quagmire of how to not only reorganize the new empire, but how to pay off the debt accumulated during the war. Throughout the war Britain placed enormous pressure on the population of England in the form of taxes and sought to alleviate that pressure in the aftermath of the conflict. In order to achieve this the British government placed new taxes on their North American colonies in the form of the stamp act, the tea act etc. Furthermore, the British government also began to crack down on the high levels of smuggling that was being carried out by colonial merchants in violation of the navigation acts. This was highly unpopular in the colonies who began to protest what they saw as unjust taxation without representation. Moreover, a major desire of 18th century colonists was the desire for more land in the form of westward expansion; however, the British government made this impossible through the implementation of the proclamation act of 1763 which sought to avoid conflict with the Native Americans by prohibiting westward expansion through private transaction of land between the Natives and the Colonists. The inability to compromise on these issues would result in clashes between mother Britain and her colonies which would eventually culminate into an outright rebellion by the colonies against the mother country.
From 1861 until 1865, the United States was embroiled in a war that took or changed the lives of some 625,000 people, leaving many more scarred, mutilated, mentally incapacitated, and with family torn asunder. The war, not fought against an opposing nation or an invading force, but with brothers and countrymen on opposite sides of armed lines, was both longer and bloodier than either side had predicted, though it had been coming for years. The question of slavery had caused numerous debates and fights at the state level as well as in the federal houses, and the many states holding slaves believed it was their right to decide their own future. After the election of Abraham Lincoln to the office of President of the United States, many saw
All through the 1960s and 1970s Americans got to be uneasy not just about the pained position of the United States in world undertakings, additionally about the issue created at home by remote ensnarement’s. Vietnam, either on account of the singing war experience itself or in view of the lessons Americans later drew from the experience, radically modified society amid the1960s and 1970s. The confidence in the privilege to impact the inside issues of different nations prompted fiasco in Southeast Asia. This fiasco would everlastingly be known as the longest war in the country 's history (kept going 25 years), in which the world 's most capable military (United States) spent itself in a purposeless endeavor to quell a laborer individuals.
Currently, the United States military is drawing down from thirteen years of sustained combat operations in two different countries: Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq and Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan. Throughout this period of time, millions of veterans, as well as support personnel, have been deeply influenced by the dramatic effects of modern warfare. These individuals have knowingly and willingly sacrificed a tremendous amount – in thousands of cases, their lives. For those that do return, a vast number face difficulty regarding their mental health; however, this is not solely due to exposure to combat. As these individuals return home from the combat theater and separate from active duty military service, they often find
The war had been going on for over a 3 years now, and it seemed as if it had only just begun. It also seemed like the U.S. was inevitably going to lose. Their wasn’t really much on their side other than a history record. China on the other hand had 4 times the army size, and an extra billion people that could be forced to fight if need be. The only hope the U.S. had was to think faster, fight harder, and have some really magnificent, ingenious idea.
At the start of the First World War the citizens of the United States were deeply divided on if the country should be involved and if so how much. Thanks to the mass amounts of immigrants that had established what was now a great nation America had become a country made from a diverse and multi-cultural fabric. This led to many opinions and views on the war effort. On the side that was against the war there were many out-spoken citizens that took to the streets and voiced their concerns. The government’s response to this was to take the drastic action of passing controversial laws in both 1918 and 1919 called the Espionage and Sedition Acts respectively. These laws would allow the government to fine or imprison American citizens for
The American Revolutionary War began in the middle1700s and ended with the Treaty of Paris signed in 1783. When looking at both sides of the argument I still believe the British were to blame for igniting the flames of revolution. A lot of people will argue that the British were fair in the treatment of the early American Colonists and provided for them as they did for their countrymen remaining in England. In my opinion the colonists were regarded as nothing more than a slave. By this, I mean that the colonists were basically used to work the land to provide crops which were normally imported from other countries to England. Since they were considered Englishmen and their lands considered property of the crown, the British could pass laws taking from them their basic rights as men. Three contributing factors for the outbreak of the American Revolution were the king’s taxes, neglect of the 13 colonies and England’s mercantilism policy (Strum, 44). The British thought of the colonists as their primary asset in their practice of mercantilism, which at times may have been profitable for the colonists. Ultimately it became a primary reason for the beginning of social unrest among the early Americans. While when it became convenient the British came in and started putting restrictions on them. As many in their position, the colonists rebelled against the new found interest in the societies they labored to build, that for so long went unnoticed. British taxation was one of the
This country has grown from thirteen colonies (states) to fifty within three hundred years. When you ask “What do you think of the United States?” Many people would say leadership, ambition, and fear. Leadership because we have demonstrated to the world that not only we can take care of ourselves but help more nations along the way; we have also made many inventions, the use of electricity, the car, the first movie, etc. Determination because even though at the beginning we were a small little union we defeated the power house at the time (Britain) not once but twice. Ambition because we as Americans always look forward to the future and we do things to make our lives better and not worse. Lastly fear because everybody knows that the one country they can 't mess with is the United States (just stating the truth). I might be speaking the truth with all this but United States has grown through rough times one of them being World War Two; being one of the most significant wars in history. The beginning of the war for us was pearl harbor, a horrible event that would forever mark this nation. From then on thousands of soldiers were sent to fight the Japanese and the Germans. Although the United States had soldiers to protect the American citizens during the war, there were still more people needed. I believe that the entertainment industries such as Disney, DC Comics and Marvel helped create propaganda during World War Two that benefited the United States because they felt it was
Abraham Lincoln once stated “America will never be destroyed from the outside. If we falter and lose our freedoms, it will be because we destroyed ourselves.” Abraham Lincoln is a hero for the citizens of America because his determination and courage to ending slavery even if it meant war caused peace in this nation. Slavery was the vital cause of the American Civil War. The north and the south both had their differences on how to run the country. People in the North believed in unity and that slavery should not exist because “all men are created equally.” On the other hand, the South believed in continuing slavery. People tried to talk it out and come to a middle ground after both sides compromising, however that didn’t work and caused war. Ideological differences were a vital role to making the American Civil War an inevitable event.