The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) is a theory that describes the willingness that people have towards making a change in their life; this can include removing something bad or adding a new condition or attitude. The Encyclopedia of Public Health (2008), stated that “the TTM of intentional behavior change describes change as a process that unfolds over time and progresses through six stages: precontemplation (not ready to take action); contemplation (getting ready); preparation (ready); action (overt change); maintenance (sustained change); and termination (no risk of relapse)”. The TTM is often used for health promotion strategies for smoking cessation, increasing activity levels or exercising, losing weight to prevent obesity, and many other …show more content…
The experiment was tested on overweight and obese children in Korea and included testing their body mass index, glucose levels, and lipid panel. The trial consisted of two separate groups; the experimental group participated in eight exercise counseling sessions along with music jumping rope for twelve weeks and the control group were only offered one session of exercise counseling. In the end the results showed that the experimental group “self-efficacy significantly improved while these children maintained their baseline BMI at the six-month follow-up” (Ham, Sung, Lee, Choi, and Im, 2016). This study is very useful for Family Nurse Practitioners because it shows that a “TTM-based exercise intervention is effective in maintaining BMI and improving self-efficacy of overweight/obese children” (Ham et al., 2016). Family Nurse Practitioners promote healthy lifestyles to avoid health ailments in the future; decreasing and preventing childhood obesity is one of the many topics that Nurse Practitioners should be involved with and teach to their …show more content…
Some findings from this study included “change-experimental and change-behavioral processes that contributed to the transition from pre-contemplation stage to contemplation stage, factors that contributed to the change from the contemplation stage to the preparation stage were change-behavioral processes and decisional balance-cons; and self-efficacy played a part in the transition from the preparation to action stage” (Jeon, Kim, and Heo, 2014). In general, it is important to exercise routinely, but especially in college students because they are living on their own and no longer have the security of their parents to rely on and must fend for themselves; this can lead to unhealthy food choices and lack of activity which can result in gained weight or obesity. Family Nurse Practitioners assist patients with health promotion and this study shows different ways that TTM can aid the college generation with increasing their exercise. Jeon et al., (2014) showed in university students that “when exercise behavior change is low, strategies such as giving one-to-one training, having the subjects read relevant books, and providing information are needed; and when exercise behavior change is high, it is necessary to heighten self-efficacy by having subjects select and freely conduct appropriate kinds of
Change model is called transtheoretical Model (RHIhub, 2017). Change model crucial to evaluating companies, communities or an individual. The model also clarifies how a business, community or individual can incorporates new management, objectives, and programs at changeable levels (RHIhub, 2017). In which, change model different intervention level are implemented to assist with progress. According to RHIhub (2017), “These stages include:
America's children are not getting enough exercise, and the health risks due to obesity are becoming epidemic in nature. Even First Lady Michelle Obama is supporting an initiative to help children become more active and to provide for exercise (at least 30-60 minutes per day) in all schools. Even limited amounts of exercise can have great health benefits. When humans exercise, the brain produces chemicals that help enhance mood, limit cravings for sugars, and contribute to healthier joints, muscles, the heart, and kidneys. In turn, this translates into more productive work time, the ability to sleep better, increase memory, and reduce dependence on medications. Children are so vulnerable to this health risk that if it continues, over 60% of graduating seniors will be clinically obese. Written by a medical journalist, the book is designed for the lay reader but has a number of documented scholarly sources.
The Transtheoretical Model is also known as the Stages of Change Model. The model was invented in the late 1970s by Prochaska and DiClemente. This came about through the studies, that these two men did. They examined smokers who decided to quit on their own with people that needed help quitting. The study showed that people quit smoking if they were ready and willing to. The model focuses on the decision making of a person and their intent to change. This model also comes to the conclusion that people do not change behaviors rapidly and decisively. The model says that people go through six different stages of change. The stages are as follows: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. Termination was
The Transtheoretical Model is a theory of health behavior that suggests that behavior change is a process, not an event. There are five stages of change someone can go through while attempting to engage in positive behavior: precontemplation, no intention to act within six months; contemplation, intention to act within six months; preparation, intention to act within the next thirty days along with some behavioral steps; action, changed behavior for less than six months, maintenance, changed behavior for more than six months; termination, end of the behavior. These stages are not linear, so an individual can move up and down the stages of change indiscriminately.
While examining the literature review regarding the strategies to tackle obesity in the African-American women, theories such as self-efficacy theory, self-determination theory, self-efficacy theory and health promotion model (HPM) have been utilized by various researchers. Nola Pender's HPM was used by Parra-Medina (2011), in a study to find out the way in which comprehensive interventions enhanced women’s leisure time physical activity and dietary fat intake, highlighting a replicable model to help primary care providers to implement lifestyle counseling. Fisher and Kridli (2014) conducted a study among obese African-American females and used the self-efficacy theory to analyze the influence of self-efficacy and motivation while performing
The theory/model I would choose is the Transtheoretical Model because this model is for behavior change and in this specific scenario “my friend” wants to stop smoking. In order for this individual to stop smoking completely, she has to go through several phases. There are six stages in the Transtheoretical Model, which are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. She passed the precontemplation and contemplation phases because she is trying to stop smoking. Therefore, my job is to help her prepare to stop smoking. I would supply her with smoking patches, chewing gum, and everything she needs to stop smoking. Next, I would support her when she is in the action phase and I would make sure she is keeping
I really like how you raise the point, “It is much harder to change a behavior than to never begin it in the first place”. Making healthy changes is easier said than done, even when the individual is strongly motivated, adopting a new, healthy habit or breaking an old, unhealthy habit can be to a great degree troublesome. As indicated by the transtheoretical model (TTM) on page 370, “we may not proceed directly from thinking about a problem to changing our behavior”. The change typically involves precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. The idea is that individuals begin with one stage, then onto the following. Each stage serves as preparation for the subsequent stage, therefore quickly going through
For the transtheoretical model my interviewee is in the contemplation phase. She recognizes that her actions are not good for her health and is looking at what could happen if she does not change. Though, she did not have a plan for the lifestyle change until I showed her the wellness plan.
Every day we make a decision, to catch a cab or ride a bike, eat that doughnut or eat healthy. Each of our decisions are based on our behavior, built up over periods of time. Most people have behaviors that they are proud of and want to keep, for instance a person might be good at setting aside money for the future and will want to keep that behavior as long as possible. That being said, every person will have behaviors they are not proud of and will want to change. That is where the Transtheoretical Model of Change comes into play, listing out the five stages of precisely what it takes to change your behavior. The five steps in the transtheoretical model of change are; precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. In this paper I will walk you through two possible applications of this theory, one of them is my behavior of procrastination, and the second being a friend of mine's inability to get up in the morning.
The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of Change provides a framework for conceptualisation and implementation of constructive behaviour change (Prochaska, DiClemente and Norcross, 1992). It is also often referred to as the stages of change model; and each stage characterises the time or readiness dimension
In the United States, obesity is currently one of the largest issues in our society. Sugary sodas, fatty foods, and lack of exercise are the main causes of this issue. Not only does obesity affect adults, but it affects young children as well. In 2012, it was reported that two-thirds of adults in the United States are considered overweight or obese. It was also reported that 31.8% of children and teenagers in the United States are considered overweight or obese as well. Young children are naturally attracted to foods high in sugar, calories, and sodium, but many parents fail to moderate their child’s intake of these potentially harmful items. Generally, a person’s eating habits begin to develop at a young age. If children are taught to eat healthy foods, it will most likely be a lifestyle they will maintain for the rest of their lives. Sometimes this can be a very difficult task, but teaching children to exercise can make it much easier. Many people in the United States do not take the time to partake in physical activity because they simply do not have the time or do not feel it is necessary. Although this is a common belief, exercise is extremely beneficial to the human body in a variety of ways and this essay will further explain how.
There are several interventions that correlate with increased physical activity, goal-setting, self-monitoring, and feedback. Several studies have examined the
The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) was created by Prochaska and DiClemente. It is based on “(1) the stages of change, (2) the decisional balance scale, (3) the strong and weak principle, (4) self-efficacy, and (5) the processes of change” (Kelly, 2008, p. 149). A person’s progression through the stages depends on their perception of the advantages of adopting a healthy lifestyle (Kelly, 2008).
This course has provided a new perspective on exercise and behavior adoption for many reasons. The first and prominent realization I had was during the behavior change project. This assignment allowed me to take a step back, and assess where I stand physically and mentally. I noticed that I lacked discipline in my diet and exercise routines. That being said, I did exercise periodically prior to this moment, but I knew that I was capable of accomplishing more and using my time more wisely. The fact that this assignment allowed me to directly apply what we learned in class in my life is appealing to me. There have been many theories and terms that we have covered, but items such as the self-determination theory, social support, and the stimulus-response theory stood out, probably due to incorporating them in my behavior change.
Childhood obesity has increasingly become an issue in healthcare over the decades. Children with obesity are more likely to develop chronic health conditions. Childhood obesity often leads to adult obesity, which puts a person at risk for developing type II diabetes, heart disease, and other serious health conditions. My phenomenon of interest is childhood obesity. An associated concept is self-efficacy. This is important to nursing because variables that influence attitude and behaviors can be modified through nursing action and significantly promotes motivation to reach improved health and an enhanced quality of life at all stages of development.