Title: The prevalence of Occupational injuries among UPM student employees
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 General introduction
Occupational injuries have been reported to be a burden to both employees and employers all over the world (Ou & Thygerson, 2012). The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that 3.1 million nonfatal workplace injuries occurred in private industry employers in 2010, with an incidence rate of 3.5 cases per 100 full-time employees). Injuries can be linked to risk factors such as stress, fatigue, repetition, and workload (Ou & Thygerson, 2012).
Injured workers are more likely to report a higher stressors frequency resulting in a monotonic dose-response relationship between stress reaction and injury (Lee et al.,
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1.5 Instruments
A structured survey was used to collect socio-demographic, behavioral characteristics and work-related injuries among workers in last twelve months. The pre-validated survey instrument was taken from the Youth Employment and School Study (YESS), and adapted for use by Frone (1998) for use with employed adolescents and was also adapted by Ou and Thygerson (2012) for use with university students. The YESS contained scales for the risk factors of interest. The risk factors used in the survey included exposure to workplace hazards workload, work-school conflict, supervisor relationship and boredom.
1.6 Participants
The participants in this study will be 400 employees and postgraduate students at UPM, Malaysia.
1.7 Data analysis
Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The descriptive statistics will be used such as mean and frequency will be used for prevalence, occurrence and distribution of occupational injuries by demographic information such as age group, gender, education level and ethnicity. Results from the risk factor scales for workload, job boredom, supervisor relations, and work school conflict will be scored using as the key dictated by the instrument. Significant differences in risk factor scores were determined using t-tests. Stepwise logistic regression will be used to obtain odds ratios, controlling for age, sex, and job tenure. Missing will not be
Accordingly, they found 48 employer safety obligations (e.g., provide personal protective equipment, reward safe working behaviour, and investigates hazards and risks), and 36 employee safety obligation items such as use work equipment properly, report safety incident, and follow safety rules.. However, even though they did not use psychometrically validated measurement, those obligation items can be used in the measuring physical psychological safety. Thus, physical risk psychological safety items will be derived from this measurement.
The impact of workplace injury is wide reaching because when hazards of physical and psychological type affect a worker, the impact is not only on the person, but also on the life, the family and of course on the future plans,as well as high
Agriculture remains one of the most hazardous occupations in the US. In 2013, the fatality rate for agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting dropped to 23.2/100,000 but still remained strikingly higher than the overall industry fatality rate of 3.3/100,000. Hispanic workers are more likely than other ethnic groups to be involved in a fatal occupational injury, and recent years’ data has shown increases in fatal work injuries involving Hispanic or Latino workers.2 Farmworkers experience a range of occupational health injuries and illnesses including musculoskeletal strains, lacerations, falls, trauma, exposure to pesticides and other chemicals, heat and cold extremes, and exposure to sun, irritants, and allergens. (Please visit our Environmental and Occupational Health page for more on work injuries in mobile
Reporting of Injuries,Diseases and dangerous occurrences regulations of 1995 requires the reporting of work-related accidents, diseases and dangerous occurrences. The Act applies to all work related activities, but not to all work related incidents. The objective of the regulations is to enable the enforcing authorities to identify where and how risks arise and to investigate serious accidents so as to prevent them from occurring in the future and thus providing a safer work environment. The enforcing authorities can then help and advise you on preventive action to reduce injury, ill health and accidental loss,the main points of our own policy that relate to this are:
The methods and protocols of all the articles are efficient, reliable, and accurate. They provide accurate data on the prevalence of WMSDs in the automotive manufacturing industry. Automotive manufacturing companies in two different countries (also different continents) are observed in order to get the most accurate results. The research shows the prevalence of WMSDs, but do not clearly examine the consequences in terms of worker productivity (Nur et al., 2014). Only a indefinite link has been established between WMSDs and worker productivity. Another aspect that could have been further examined is the current health state of the worker. Previous health issues could increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, which may not be due to the nature of the work. Lastly, there are numerous different types of disorders caused by work. Further research should be done in order to classify
Specific health problems associated with the workplace have contributed to the development of Particular health issues connected with the work environment have added to the advancement of the cutting edge safety and health development. These issues incorporate lung infections in diggers, mercury harming, and lung tumor attached to asbestos. Occupational and Environmental Health Professionals have an above normal extent of all day employments. For Occupational and Environmental Health Professionals working all day, normal week by week hours are 42.3 and profit are high - in the ninth decile. Unemployment for Health Professionals is underneath normal. H&S Professionals have an expansive extent of specialists amongst individuals in the 25-34 age section, making it an energetic and dynamic workplace. The unavoidable consequence of the expanded consideration given to safety and health is that bigger organizations are utilizing safety and health professionals and all organizations big or small are relegating these obligations to existing representatives.
It is understood that manual workers endure more work related injuries than non-manual workers. Recent studies to support this claim come from Clapp et al (2005) who indicate that a probable 12 of cancer deaths are workplace related, also, Meldrumm (2005) found that working conditions cause up to 20 of lung cancer deaths (Holborn, Burrage and Langley, 2009).
This responsibility motivates the HR department and managers to implement stringent policies to prevent work-related injuries to avoid paying for higher workers’ compensation insurance. Moreover, it inspires the company to promote safety by organizing a safety committee to address hazards in the workplace to prevent injuries or deaths. The committee solicits employee suggestions and participation to increase compliance to company policies. It also develops various safety programs to promote employee wellness to improve their quality of life (Gomez-Mejia, et al, 2010).
The US Department of Labor has recorded a steady decrease of work-related injuries and fatalities since 2012 and as of 2014, 120 work related fatalities have been recorded, 38% lower than 2013 (6). This decline in fatalities can be attributed to several factors, safer equipment, more safety regulations, etc.
In the event that somebody is injured at work the first thing one needs to remember is
Nurses and transportation workers were highlighted as occupations at high risk of having non-fatal occupational injuries by BLS. NHIS survey was used to determine the prevalence of MSD among these two populations relative to all other occupations. The main findings of the study revealed that low back pain was more prevalent among nurses and transportation workers compared to other occupations. Data collected by BLS regarding MSD and lost workdays was examined to further study the relationship between the two variables. Both BLS data and literature review indicate that although nurses are more prone to develop MSD compared to other occupations, they are less likely to miss work even when compared to high-risk occupations. The present study
Hayes & Weathington (2007) cited the “National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health” as saying that job stress has developed into
Furthermore, the rate of on the job accidents and injuries is likely to increase due to the use of alcohol. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, between 10 and 20 percent of workers who die on the job test positive for alcohol or other drugs, and cites construction, mining, and manufacturing – some of the industries which are already at a high risk for occupational
In a workplace such as catering environment, majority of the injuries are caused as a
Despite undeniable efforts investing in safety and health within the workplace, occupational accidents continue to account for injuries and deaths every year (Cadieux et al, 2006). In Quebec alone in the year of 2004, 176 deaths and 128,104 occupational injuries were registered by the National OHS board (Cadieux et al, 2006). In order to improve these rates worldwide, Occupational Health and Safety Management systems are developed and implemented in the workplace.